--- title: "Los vegetarianos y la salud (2ª parte) - IVU - International Vegetarian Union" description: "Los vegetarianos y la salud (2ª parte): Los vegetarianos y la salud de la Sociedad Vegetariana Británica (Vegetarian Society UK) 1ª Parte - Introducción - Una dieta vegetariana sana 2ª Parte (esta página) - Enfermedades cardiacas - Hipertensión - Obesidad - Diabetes 3ª" url: "https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6746-spanish-trans-vsuk-health2.html" date: "2026-11-06T00:22:47+00:00" language: "en-GB" --- # Los vegetarianos y la salud (2ª parte) ![Los vegetarianos y la salud (2ª parte)](https://ivu.org/images/legacy/history/banners/spanish-trans-vsuk-health2.png) | **Los vegetarianos y la salud** de la **[Sociedad Vegetariana Británica (Vegetarian Society UK)](http://www.vegsoc.org/)**- [**1ª Parte** ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6745-spanish-trans-vsuk-health1.html) *- Introducción - Una dieta vegetariana sana* - **2ª Parte** (esta página) *- Enfermedades cardiacas - Hipertensión - Obesidad - Diabetes* - [**3ª Parte** ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6747-spanish-trans-vsuk-health3.html) *- Cáncer - Cáncer de colon - Cáncer de mama - Otros cánceres* - [**4ª Parte** ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6748-spanish-trans-vsuk-health4.html) *- Diverticulitis - Cálculos biliares - Cálculos renales -- Osteoporosis -- Otras enfermedades -- Las intoxicaciones alimentarias y los residuos de pesticidas -- Artritis reumatoide -- Síndrome nefrótico -- El Proyecto China de Salud* - [**5ª Parte** ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6749-spanish-trans-vsuk-health5.html) *- Bibliografía/Referencias* Enfermedades cardiacas Las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la mayor causa de mortalidad en Gran Bretaña, siendo responsables de alrededor del 50% de todas las muertes. La mayor parte de estos fallecimientos son debidos a enfermedades coronarias. Los vegetarianos sufren marcadamente de una menor mortalidad debido a enfermedades coronarias, en comparación con los no-vegetarianos (Key y otros, 1999). Este riego reducido se puede relacionar con el nivel inferior de colesterol en sangre de los vegetarianos. Los resultados del Estudio de Oxford sobre el Vegetarianismo, un estudio de 12 años sobre 6000 vegetarianos y 5000 consumidores habituales de carne, mostraron que la incidencia de mortalidad debida a enfermedades coronarias fue un 28% menor en los vegetarianos en comparación con la de los omnívoros, después de que todos los factores no relacionados con la dieta fueron tomados en consideración (Thorogood, 1994). Burr y Butland (1998) encontraron que los vegetarianos padecían significativamente una menor mortalidad por enfermedades del corazón que aquellos no-vegetarianos conscientes de su salud. La mortalidad debida a cardiopatías isquémicas fue un 57% menor en los vegetarianos que en el resto de la población en general, y un 18% menor que en los no-vegetarianos que seguían un estilo de vida saludable. Las muertes causadas por enfermedades cerebrovasculares fueron un 43% inferiores en los vegetarianos en comparación con el resto de la población. Un estudio sobre cerca de 28.000 Adventistas del Septimo Día en California evidenció una clara tendencia al aumento de enfermedades del corazón conforme ascendía la frecuencia en el consumo de carne (Snowdon, 1988). El estudio Desarrollo del Riesgo sobre las Arterias Coronarias en Adultos Jóvenes (CARDIA) examinó la relación de la dieta en la salud en cerca de 5000 adultos jóvenes con edades entre los 18 y los 30 años. Los vegetarianos evidenciaron poseer una capacidad cardiovascular muy desarrollada y un menor riesgo de padecer enfermedades del corazón (Slattery, 1991). Un bajo consumo de carne se relacionó con una mejora general de la salud. Un estudio de 11 años sobre 1900 vegetarianos alemanes mostró que la mortalidad por enfermedades del corazón era un 61% menor en hombres vegetarianos y un 44% menor en mujeres vegetarianas que en el resto de la población. En las cardiopatías isquémicas, la mortalidad se redujo aún más, a sólo un tercio de lo esperado (Claude-Chang, 1992). Se cree que los efectos protectores de la dieta vegetariana son debidos a los menores niveles de colesterol encontrados en los vegetarianos. Estudios repetidos han demostrado los bajos niveles de colesterol de los vegetarianos (Resnicow, 1991). Thorogood (1990) encontró que los vegetarianos tenían unos niveles de colesterol un 10% menores que los no-vegetarianos conscientes de su salud. El alto nivel de colesterol en la sangre es uno de los principales factores de riesgo de las enfermedades del corazón. Significativamente, los vegetarianos poseen niveles más bajos de lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL). éste es el tipo de colesterol particularmente asociado con las enfermedades del corazón. Las investigaciones han sugerido que una reducción del 10% del colesterol en sangre podría estar asociada con una reducción del 30% en la incidencia de enfermedades coronarias (Martin, 1986). El ensayo de un estilo de vida cuidadoso con el corazón llevado a cabo en California, indicó que una dieta vegetariana baja en grasas junto con otros cambios en el estilo de vida, como el ejercicio y el control del estrés, puede de hecho revertir el progreso de las enfermedades del corazón, reduciendo las placas de colesterol en las arterias (Ornish, 1990). Hipertensión La hipertensión, o alta presión sanguínea, puede contribuir a las enfermedades del corazón, apoplejías y fallos en los riñones. Una serie de estudios han mostrado que los vegetarianos tienen presiones sanguíneas más bajas que los no-vegetarianos (Sacks, 1974, Armstrong, 1977). También se ha demostrado que una dieta vegetariana reduce la presión sanguínea en los pacientes hipertensos (Margetts, 1986). La razón de la baja presión sanguínea asociada con las dietas vegetarianas no está clara. La relativa delgadez de los vegetarianos es una de las sugerencias al respecto, como también lo es el efecto de la reducción de sodio y aumento de potasio o calcio en las dietas vegetarianas. Obesidad Los vegetarianos son más delgados que los no-vegetarianos y sus pesos están generalmente más cerca de los niveles deseados. La Asociación Médica Británica (1986) manifestó que los vegetarianos presentan menores índices de obesidad. Appleby y otros (1998), como parte del Estudio de Oxford sobre el Vegetarianismo, concluyeron que quienes no comen carne suelen ser más delgados que quienes sí comen carne. Esto podría deberse, en parte, al mayor consumo de fibra, al menor consumo de grasas animales, y, sólo en los hombres, a un menor consumo de alcohol. Diabetes Snowdon (1985) encontró que entre los miembros, mayormente vegetarianos, de los Adventistas del Séptimo Día, la diabetes de tipo II como causa común de muerte representaba sólo la mitad en comparación con el resto de la población. Una dieta vegetariana promedio cumple de cerca las recomendaciones de la Asociación Británica de Diabetes para los pacientes diabéticos. Las dietas vegetarianas acostumbran a ser de alto contenido en hidratos de carbono complejos y fibra, que tiene un efecto beneficioso en el metabolismo de los hidratos de carbono y la disminución de los niveles de azúcar en sangre. La delgadez de los vegetarianos también contribuye a reducir la incidencia de la diabetes. La diabetes está con frecuencia asociada con los niveles elevados de colesterol, y una dieta vegetariana otorga protección frente a ello. | \| \| \|---\|---\| A note on this archive. The history section of this website is drawn from a body of legacy content originally compiled by John Davis, former manager of the International Vegetarian Union. It represents his curation of historical material, and in places includes passages written by him directly. Over the years, the IVU website has migrated between several different hosting servers. In the course of these migrations, a number of PDF files were unfortunately lost, and **some links to PDF documents may no longer function**. Where this is the case, we have chosen to leave the original link text in place, as it may itself carry information of historical value. - Hits: 1199 ### Vegan Recipes - [![Moroccan Vegetable Hot Pot](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/moroccan-vegetable-hot-pot-1775426877_1fb6977727301e8d15c186974e2d4ec0.jpg "Moroccan Vegetable Hot Pot")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/moroccan-vegetable-hot-pot.html "Moroccan Vegetable Hot Pot") #### [Moroccan Vegetable Hot Pot](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/moroccan-vegetable-hot-pot.html "Moroccan Vegetable Hot Pot") [Main course](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/main-course-for-lunch-and-dinner.html) [Soups](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/soup.html) [Morocco](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/morocco.html) [African](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/african.html) - 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[ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/250-2024-the-omniveg-study-health-outcomes-of-shifting-from-a-traditional-to-a-vegan-mediterranean-diet-in-healthy-men-a-controlled-crossover-trial.html) [ 2024 The OMNIVEG STUDY Health outcomes of shifting from a traditional to a vegan Mediterranean diet in healthy men A controlled crossover trial](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/250-2024-the-omniveg-study-health-outcomes-of-shifting-from-a-traditional-to-a-vegan-mediterranean-diet-in-healthy-men-a-controlled-crossover-trial.html) Popular 2782 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/205-plant-based-nutrition-exploring-health-benefits-for-atherosclerosis-chronic-diseases-and-metabolic-syndrome-a-comprehensive-review.html) [ Plant Based Nutrition Exploring Health Benefits for Atherosclerosis, Chronic Diseases, and Metabolic Syndrome—A Comprehensive Review](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/205-plant-based-nutrition-exploring-health-benefits-for-atherosclerosis-chronic-diseases-and-metabolic-syndrome-a-comprehensive-review.html) Popular 3834 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/204-2024-plant-and-animal-fat-intake-and-overall-and-cardiovascular-disease-mortality-main-folder-all-cause-mortality.html) [ 2024 Plant and Animal Fat Intake and Overall and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Main Folder All Cause Mortality](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/204-2024-plant-and-animal-fat-intake-and-overall-and-cardiovascular-disease-mortality-main-folder-all-cause-mortality.html) Popular 4052 downloads ![](https://ivu.org/media/yootheme/cache/02/adult-guide-029d8cad.png)### The International Vegetarian Union’s Vegan Nutrition Guide for Adults In 2 versions: - [For healthcare professionals](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutritional-guide/the-international-vegetarian-union-s-vegan-nutrition-guide-for-adults-healthcare-professionals.html) - [General Public Edition](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutritional-guide/guide-for-non-healthcare-professionals.html) [Get it now](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutritional-guide.html) ![](https://ivu.org/images/banners/booklet2.jpg)### Vegetarian Nutrition Booklet A Dietary Approach to Vegetarianism for Kids and Adolescents The intention of this booklet is present to kids and adolescents a healthy vegan diet [Read more](https://ivu.org/nutrition/vegetarian-nutrition-book-for-kids-and-adolescents.html) Vegan Nutrition ![](https://ivu.org/media/yootheme/cache/a6/logo_IVU_01_SLOGAN-a678b962.png) ### Presidents, Chair and Council - 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