---
title: "El Calcio - IVU - International Vegetarian Union"
description: "El Calcio: de The Vegetarian Society UK El calcio es el mineral m&aacute;s abundante en el cuerpo humano. Un 99% del total de nuestro cuerpo se encuentra en los huesos y en los dientes jugando un papel muy importante en la estructura de &eacute;stos."
url: "https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6737-spanish-trans-vsuk-calcium.html"
date: "2026-11-06T00:13:14+00:00"
language: "en-GB"
---

#  El Calcio

![El Calcio](https://ivu.org/images/legacy/history/banners/spanish-trans-vsuk-calcium.png)| **El Calcio**   de **[The Vegetarian Society UK](http://www.vegsoc.org/)**El calcio es el mineral más abundante en el cuerpo humano. Un 99% del total de nuestro cuerpo se encuentra en los huesos y en los dientes jugando un papel muy importante en la estructura de éstos. El 1% restante se encuentra en tejidos y fluidos corporales donde es esencial para un buen metabolismo de las células, contracción muscular y transmisiones nerviosas.  ### Funciones  La función principal del calcio es estructural. El esqueleto de un joven adulto contiene 1.2 Kg. de calcio aproximadamente. Los movimientos de calcio entre el esqueleto y la sangre y otras partes del cuerpo son continuos. Las hormonas son las encargadas de orquestar todo esto para que funcione a la perfección. Los metabolitos de la vitamina D son fundamentales en este proceso ya que incrementan la reabsorción de calcio por parte de los huesos.  El calcio también juega un papel importante en la biología de la célula. Puede unirse a un gran número de proteínas y alterar su actividad biológica. Esto es importante para que se creen buenas transmisiones nerviosas y contracciones musculares. También se necesita calcio para que la sangre coagule apropiadamente.  Para una buena absorción de calcio se precisa de vitamina D y es por ello que la deficiencia de calcio puede estar relacionada con el raquitismo infantil. Una deficiencia de calcio en adultos puede acarrear osteomalacia (ablandamiento de los huesos). Esto puede deberse a embarazos consecutivos seguidos de largos periodos lactantes.  La aparición de osteoporosis puede deberse a una deficiencia de calcio. Esto implica una pérdida de calcio en los huesos y densidad ósea reducida. Los huesos entonces son más propensos a roturas. En todos los individuos la pérdida de masa ósea es un proceso más del envejecimiento que normalmente comienza entre los 35 y 40 años y conlleva a un encogimiento del esqueleto. Tras la menopausia, la pérdida ósea es todavía mayor ya que los niveles de la hormona estrógeno también disminuyen considerablemente. Las mujeres posmenopáusicas tienen un alto riesgo de sufrir osteoporosis.  Algunos estudios muestran que el riesgo es menor entre mujeres vegetarianas que entre omnívoras. Se cree que esto es debido a que la proteína animal eleva el nivel de calcio que los huesos pierden. Sin embargo estos estudios no son concluyentes ya que en otros estudios no han encontrado diferencia alguna entre vegetarianas y omnívoras.  El riesgo de padecer osteoporosis puede elevarse con otros factores además de los puramente dietéticos. La falta de ejercicio, el estar por debajo del peso recomendado, fumar y beber alcohol son algunos de éstos.  Un bajo nivel sérico de calcio en sangre y tejidos puede causar hipocalcemia. Los síntomas más frecuentes son sensaciones de cosquilleo e insensibilidad junto con contracciones musculares. En casos severos pueden darse espasmos musculares. Esto recibe el nombre de tetania. Su causa puede deberse más a que las hormonas no presentan un balance apropiado que a una deficiencia nutricional.  El exceso de calcio en sangre también es negativo y puede causar nausea, vómitos y aparición de residuos cálcicos en el corazón y en los riñones. Normalmente cuando esto ocurre se debe a dosis excesivas de vitamina D que pueden ser mortales para los bebés.  ### Fuentes de calcio  Se puede encontrar calcio en una gran variedad de alimentos. Derivados lácteos, vegetales de hoja verde, frutos secos y semillas (almendras, semillas de sésamo), tofu y frutas deshidratadas son muy buenas fuentes de calcio para vegetarianos. La mayoría de harinas están fortificadas con carbonato cálcico así es que los cereales son una buena fuente de éste. El agua dura también aporta calcio. La carne animal es una fuente de calcio muy pobre.  El balance cálcico puede verse afectado por un gran número de factores. La vitamina D es esencial para una apropiada absorción de calcio desde el intestino. Esto se debe al hecho de que el calcio se transporta en el cuerpo mediante una especie de proteína transportadora que requiere de vitamina D para su síntesis.  Existe un alto número de sustancias que pueden entorpecer la absorción de calcio. El ácido fítico que se encuentra en la fibra de cereales integrales y vegetales crudos es una de éstas. El ácido urónico, un componente de la fibra dietética y el ácido oxálico que se encuentra en ciertas frutas y vegetales también puede arrastrar calcio consigo. Sin embargo, por norma general, las dietas con altos niveles de estos ácidos no parecen tener gran repercusión en la absorción de calcio. Las grasas saturadas también pueden incrementar la pérdida de calcio.  Se pierde calcio en heces, orina y sudor. La pérdida de calcio es proporcional al consumo de calcio dietético y es por ello que existe un proceso de adaptación entre una ingesta elevada y reducida de calcio. Una ingesta menor conlleva a una mayor eficiencia de absorción. En bebés y niños el calcio se retiene para utilizar luego en el crecimiento óseo. Durante el periodo de lactancia la madre también pierde calcio a través de la leche.  Fuentes de calcio (una ración) | Muy buenas fuentes | Buenas fuentes | Fuentes pobres |

|---|---|---|---|
| Tofu (60g or 2oz) | 304 mg | Pan integral (2 rebanad.) | 70 mg | Spaghetti (100g o 3½oz) | 7 mg |
| Queso Cheddar (loncha, 40g) | 288 mg | Nueces de brasil (9 u., 30g) | 54 mg | Arroz integral(190g, 8oz) | 7 mg |
| Leche de vaca (0.3 de pinta) | 234 mg | Albaricoques secos (8 unid) | 46 mg | - | - |
| Espinacas herv. (130g o 5oz) | 208 mg | Judías verdes herv. (100g) | 41 mg | - | - |
| Higos secos (4 higos) | 168 mg | Queso fresco (45g o 1½oz) | 33 mg | - | - |
| Queso de soja (loncha, 40g) | 180 mg | Sem. sésamo (15g o ½oz) | 20 mg | - | - |
| Garbanzos herv.(200g o 8oz) | 92 mg | - | - | - | - |
| Habas cocidas (200g o 8 oz) | 90 mg | - | - | - | - |
| Brécol, cocido (95g o 3½oz) | 72 mg | - | - | - | \-  ### Cantidad recomendada  La convencional 'Cantidad diaria recomendada' (CDR) se ha sustituido por el término 'Dosis diaria de referencia' (DDR). Esta cantidad representa la cantidad que al menos el 97% de la población necesita.  **Dosis diaria de referencia, mg/día.** |

| Edad | DDR | . | Edad | DDR |
| 0 a 12 meses | 525 mg | . | 11 a 18 años, hombre | 1000 mg |
| 1 a 3 años | 350 mg | . | 11 a 18 años, mujer | 800 mg |
| 4 a 6 años | 450 mg | . | 19 + años | 700 mg |
| 7 a 10 años | 550 mg | . | Mujeres lactantes | 1250 mg  Durante el embarazo, la absorción de calcio desde el intestino crece y por lo general no se necesita de ningún calcio adicional. Las adolescentes embarazadas son una excepción ya que su edad hace que necesiten de cantidades de calcio elevadas.  Las mujeres lactantes necesitan 550 mg de calcio extra. Una mujer lactante puede perder a diario un total de 300 mg de calcio que irían a parar a la leche.  La capacidad de absorción de calcio decrece con la edad y es por ello que es importante que los ancianos ingieran una cantidad de calcio adecuada.  ### Plan dietético  Ejemplo de un menú diario para alcanzar los 700 mg de calcio recomendados para un adulto |

| Desayuno | Almuerzo | Cena |
| Muesli | 114 mg | 2 tostadas de pan integral | 140 mg | Tofu (60g) con brécol (95g) | 376 mg |
| Leche de soja, sin fortificar | 15 mg | Legumbres cocidas (200g o 8oz) | 90 mg | Arroz integral hervido (165g) | 7 mg |
| Ingesta total de calcio - 742 mg | \|  \|  A note on this archive. The history section of this website is drawn from a body of legacy content originally compiled by John Davis, former manager of the International Vegetarian Union. It represents his curation of historical material, and in places includes passages written by him directly.  Over the years, the IVU website has migrated between several different hosting servers. In the course of these migrations, a number of PDF files were unfortunately lost, and **some links to PDF documents may no longer function**. Where this is the case, we have chosen to leave the original link text in place, as it may itself carry information of historical value.  - Hits: 1071    ###  Vegan Recipes   - [![Stewed Okra and Tomatoes](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/stewed-okra-and-tomatoes-1777775525_5e857b974f030d9351d39241cb946fb3.jpg "Stewed Okra and Tomatoes")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/stewed-okra-and-tomatoes.html "Stewed Okra and Tomatoes")           ####  [Stewed Okra and Tomatoes](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/stewed-okra-and-tomatoes.html "Stewed Okra and Tomatoes")            [United States of America](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/united-states-of-america.html) [Main course](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/main-course-for-lunch-and-dinner.html) [Starters & side dishes](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/snack-side-dishes.html) [African](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/african.html) - [![Ethiopian Lentil Salad](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/ethiopian-lentil-salad-1775244357_85b6c541da75cfc6efe6eca0852cb9f7.jpg "Ethiopian Lentil Salad")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/ethiopian-lentil-salad.html "Ethiopian Lentil Salad")           ####  [Ethiopian Lentil Salad](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/ethiopian-lentil-salad.html "Ethiopian Lentil Salad")            [African](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/african.html) - [![Vegan Pho](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/vegan_pho_e8af6bca341641c44361c72a57ac1e61.jpg "Vegan Pho")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/vegan-pho.html "Vegan Pho")           ####  [Vegan Pho](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/vegan-pho.html "Vegan Pho")            [Fake Meats (Tofu etc)](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/fake-meats-tofu-etc.html) [Noodles](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/noodles.html) [Vietnam](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/vietnam.html)       ###  VFA Blog   - [![Vegan Sushi: A Healthy and Sustainable Delight that Combines the Best of Japanese Culture](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/chinese-dragon4_1a2020e2eda34947ca2b921b84285704.jpg "Vegan Sushi: A Healthy and Sustainable Delight that Combines the Best of Japanese Culture")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/blog-front-page/item/vegan-sushi-a-healthy-and-sustainable-delight-that-combines-the-best-of-japanese-culture.html "Vegan Sushi: A Healthy and Sustainable Delight that Combines the Best of Japanese Culture")           ####  [Vegan Sushi: A Healthy and Sustainable Delight that Combines the Best of Japanese Culture](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/blog-front-page/item/vegan-sushi-a-healthy-and-sustainable-delight-that-combines-the-best-of-japanese-culture.html "Vegan Sushi: A Healthy and Sustainable Delight that Combines the Best of Japanese Culture")                - [Read more](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/blog-front-page/item/vegan-sushi-a-healthy-and-sustainable-delight-that-combines-the-best-of-japanese-culture.html)       ###  Science   - 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[ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/205-plant-based-nutrition-exploring-health-benefits-for-atherosclerosis-chronic-diseases-and-metabolic-syndrome-a-comprehensive-review.html)     [ Plant Based Nutrition Exploring Health Benefits for Atherosclerosis, Chronic Diseases, and Metabolic Syndrome—A Comprehensive Review](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/205-plant-based-nutrition-exploring-health-benefits-for-atherosclerosis-chronic-diseases-and-metabolic-syndrome-a-comprehensive-review.html) Popular               3834 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/204-2024-plant-and-animal-fat-intake-and-overall-and-cardiovascular-disease-mortality-main-folder-all-cause-mortality.html)     [ 2024 Plant and Animal Fat Intake and Overall and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Main Folder All Cause Mortality](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/204-2024-plant-and-animal-fat-intake-and-overall-and-cardiovascular-disease-mortality-main-folder-all-cause-mortality.html) Popular               4052 downloads                                ![](https://ivu.org/media/yootheme/cache/02/adult-guide-029d8cad.png)### The International Vegetarian Union’s Vegan Nutrition Guide for Adults  In 2 versions:  - 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            "position": 8,
            "name": "El Calcio",
            "item": "https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6737-spanish-trans-vsuk-calcium.html"
        }
    ]
}
```

```json
{
    "@context": "https://schema.org",
    "@type": "Article",
    "mainEntityOfPage": {
        "@type": "WebPage",
        "@id": "https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6737-spanish-trans-vsuk-calcium.html"
    },
    "headline": "El Calcio",
    "description": "El Calcio: de The Vegetarian Society UK El calcio es el mineral más abundante en el cuerpo humano. Un 99% del total de nuestro cuerpo se encuentra en los huesos y en los dientes jugando un papel muy importante en la estructura de éstos.",
    "publisher": {
        "@type": "Organization",
        "name": "International Vegetarian Union",
        "logo": {
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            "url": "https://ivu.org/images/logos/logo-ivu-tranparent-background.png"
        }
    },
    "author": {
        "@type": "Person",
        "name": "Alex Fernandes",
        "url": "https://ivu.org/international-council.html"
    },
    "dateCreated": "2026-08-08T00:37:53+00:00",
    "dateModified": "2026-10-12T19:11:25+00:00"
}
```
