--- title: "L’Amérique (et l’Europe) XXL - IVU - International Vegetarian Union" description: "L’Amérique (et l’Europe) XXL: L’Amérique (et l’Europe) XXL Le surpoids est l’un des principaux facteurs de risque de décès prématuré. - De EVU News, numéro 1 /2000 - L'Amérique XXL En Amérique, une personne sur deux est en surpoids." url: "https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6464-french-trans-overw-fr.html" date: "2026-11-06T00:13:07+00:00" language: "en-GB" --- # L’Amérique (et l’Europe) XXL **L’Amérique (et l’Europe) XXL** **Le surpoids est l’un des principaux facteurs de risque de décès prématuré.** \- [De EVU News, numéro 1 /2000](http://www.europeanvegetarian.org/evu/english/news/news001/index.html) - | ![L'Amérique XXL](http://www.europeanvegetarian.org/evu/english/news/news001/pics/overw.jpg) *L'Amérique XXL* **En Amérique, une personne sur deux est en surpoids. Une personne est considérée en surpoids si son poids est supérieur à 45 kg de l’indice de masse corporelle (IMC). L’IMC se calcule de la façon suivante :** IMC = poids (en kg) : taille x taille (en m). Exemple : poids d’une femme 58 kg, taille 1,65m 58 : 2,72 = 21,3 On a établi la classification suivante : | **hommes** | **femmes** | |---|---|---| | maigreur | <20 | <19 | | poids normal | 20-25 | 19-24 | | surpoids | 25-30 | 24-30 | | obésité | >30 | >30 Le surpoids est l’un des principaux facteurs de risque de décès prématuré. On estime que chaque année, rien qu’en Amérique, 300 000 personnes meurent prématurément à cause du surpoids ou de maladies qui y sont liées. Une étude a révélé que 38 % de la population de la Nouvelle-Orléans et 52 % des Afro-américaines étaient en surpoids. Cette tendance est en nette augmentation. Le surpoids concerne non seulement les adultes, mais aussi de plus en plus de jeunes. De nombreux adolescents voient les kilos s’accumuler quand ils montent sur la balance. Il n’est pas du tout rare de trouver des enfants de six ans pesant 90 kg et des étudiants de 15 ans pesant 150 kg ou plus. Les raisons de ce phénomène : un mauvais régime alimentaire, la richesse, le large choix d’aliments et le manque d’exercice. La restauration rapide, avec ses grandes quantités de graisses animales saturées, est particulièrement considérée comme un facteur majeur dans la prise de poids. En Amérique, 7 % de la population mangent tous les jours de la nourriture de fast-food. Les enfants regardent la télévision 37 heures par semaine au lieu de faire de l’exercice. Pour les enfants et étudiants en surpoids (ou obèses), on organise des camps de vacances où ils apprennent en 5 à 6 semaines à bien se nourrir et à avoir des activités sportives quotidiennes variées. En Europe, la situation reste légèrement meilleure, mais tend à rejoindre celle des Etats-Unis. Une étude allemande datant de 1978 a montré que 5,5 % des hommes et 9 % des femmes de plus de 18 ans étaient obèses, et que 35 % des hommes et 33 % des femmes avaient un surpoids modéré. Cet état a de nombreuses conséquences sociales, économiques et culturelles. Les gens perdent leur emploi, leur conjoint et doivent être placés sous contrôle médical permanent. Les médecins opèrent depuis peu les patients à haut risque qui dépendent de la nourriture : une partie de l’estomac est ôtée et un anneau est posé sur l’organe pour empêcher la personne de manger en excès. L’intestin grêle est également raccourci afin d’éviter que les éléments nutritionnels ne soient absorbés dans le sang. En Suisse, une telle opération coûte environ 60 000 francs (40 000 $). Un régime sain à base de plantes incluant une grande quantité d’aliments crus peut non seulement réduire le nombre de kilos, mais il peut aussi, en plus, redonner santé, bien-être et joie de vivre. *Sigrid De Leo* © This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. - [www.european-vegetarian.org](http://www.european-vegetarian.org/) | | | | **Traduction Sylvie Lewandowski** | | [![IVU Index](http://www.ivu.org/evu/pics/evu2.gif) ](http://www.european-vegetarian.org/) Maintenu par [![Alliance Végétarienne - Association française pour la promotion du végétarisme](https://ivu.org/images/legacy/history/french/Images/LogoAVTexteTr.gif)](http://www.vegetarisme.fr/) Le site français du [végétarisme et des végétariens](http://www.vegetarisme.fr/) A note on this archive. The history section of this website is drawn from a body of legacy content originally compiled by John Davis, former manager of the International Vegetarian Union. It represents his curation of historical material, and in places includes passages written by him directly. Over the years, the IVU website has migrated between several different hosting servers. In the course of these migrations, a number of PDF files were unfortunately lost, and **some links to PDF documents may no longer function**. Where this is the case, we have chosen to leave the original link text in place, as it may itself carry information of historical value. - Hits: 975 ### Vegan Recipes - [![South African Casserole](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/south-african-casserole-1777774318_cbdba5800225e6c24c620979ddcf1675.jpg "South African Casserole")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/south-african-casserole.html "South African Casserole") #### [South African Casserole](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/south-african-casserole.html "South African Casserole") [Main course](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/main-course-for-lunch-and-dinner.html) [African](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/african.html) [South Africa](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/south-africa.html) [United Kingdom ](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/united-kingdom.html) - [![Kara'a (Libyan Pumpkin Dip)](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/kara-a--libyan-pumpkin-dip--1775517202_c93f8301175398ebe7191c927f0e9d00.jpg "Kara'a (Libyan Pumpkin Dip)")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/karaa-libyan-pumpkin-dip.html "Kara'a (Libyan Pumpkin Dip)") #### [Kara'a (Libyan Pumpkin Dip)](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/karaa-libyan-pumpkin-dip.html "Kara'a (Libyan Pumpkin Dip)") [Libya](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/libya.html) [Soups](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/soup.html) [Starters & side dishes](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/snack-side-dishes.html) [African](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/african.html) - [![Pickled Okra](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/pickled-okra-1776965339_9228acafdb22e98b9b00f15cf175dd31.jpg "Pickled Okra")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/pickled-okra.html "Pickled Okra") #### [Pickled Okra](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/pickled-okra.html "Pickled Okra") [United States of America](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/united-states-of-america.html) [Starters & side dishes](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/snack-side-dishes.html) [African](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/african.html) ### VFA Blog - [![You are what you eat](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/you_are_what_you_eat_312c477d2ffe64f6f01e0556941e9fc4.jpg "You are what you eat")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/blog-front-page/item/your-are-what-you-eat.html "You are what you eat") #### [You are what you eat](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/blog-front-page/item/your-are-what-you-eat.html "You are what you eat") - [Read more](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/blog-front-page/item/your-are-what-you-eat.html) ### Science - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/207-rapid-global-phaseout-of-animal-agriculture-has-the-potential-to-stabilize-greenhouse-gas-levels-for-30-years.html) [ Rapid global phaseout of animal agriculture has the potential to stabilize greenhouse gas levels for 30 years](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/207-rapid-global-phaseout-of-animal-agriculture-has-the-potential-to-stabilize-greenhouse-gas-levels-for-30-years.html) Popular - 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[ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/250-2024-the-omniveg-study-health-outcomes-of-shifting-from-a-traditional-to-a-vegan-mediterranean-diet-in-healthy-men-a-controlled-crossover-trial.html) [ 2024 The OMNIVEG STUDY Health outcomes of shifting from a traditional to a vegan Mediterranean diet in healthy men A controlled crossover trial](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/250-2024-the-omniveg-study-health-outcomes-of-shifting-from-a-traditional-to-a-vegan-mediterranean-diet-in-healthy-men-a-controlled-crossover-trial.html) Popular 2782 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/205-plant-based-nutrition-exploring-health-benefits-for-atherosclerosis-chronic-diseases-and-metabolic-syndrome-a-comprehensive-review.html) [ Plant Based Nutrition Exploring Health Benefits for Atherosclerosis, Chronic Diseases, and Metabolic Syndrome—A Comprehensive Review](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/205-plant-based-nutrition-exploring-health-benefits-for-atherosclerosis-chronic-diseases-and-metabolic-syndrome-a-comprehensive-review.html) Popular 3834 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/204-2024-plant-and-animal-fat-intake-and-overall-and-cardiovascular-disease-mortality-main-folder-all-cause-mortality.html) [ 2024 Plant and Animal Fat Intake and Overall and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Main Folder All Cause Mortality](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/204-2024-plant-and-animal-fat-intake-and-overall-and-cardiovascular-disease-mortality-main-folder-all-cause-mortality.html) Popular 4052 downloads ![](https://ivu.org/media/yootheme/cache/02/adult-guide-029d8cad.png)### The International Vegetarian Union’s Vegan Nutrition Guide for Adults In 2 versions: - [For healthcare professionals](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutritional-guide/the-international-vegetarian-union-s-vegan-nutrition-guide-for-adults-healthcare-professionals.html) - [General Public Edition](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutritional-guide/guide-for-non-healthcare-professionals.html) [Get it now](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutritional-guide.html) ![](https://ivu.org/images/banners/booklet2.jpg)### Vegetarian Nutrition Booklet A Dietary Approach to Vegetarianism for Kids and Adolescents The intention of this booklet is present to kids and adolescents a healthy vegan diet [Read more](https://ivu.org/nutrition/vegetarian-nutrition-book-for-kids-and-adolescents.html) Vegan Nutrition ![](https://ivu.org/media/yootheme/cache/a6/logo_IVU_01_SLOGAN-a678b962.png) ### Presidents, Chair and Council - 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