--- title: "Articles Index - The Environment - IVU - International Vegetarian Union" description: "Articles Index - The Environment: Animals Animals as Food Beef, Veal, Poultry BSE Clothing Companion Animals Eggs/Dairy Products Entertainment and Hunting The Environment 'Exotic' meat Farm Animals Fish Gardening Genetic Engineering Research on Animals Slaughter Wildlife Italiano Ambientalisti e" url: "https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6357-animals-environment.html" date: "2026-11-06T00:06:23+00:00" language: "en-GB" --- # Articles Index - The Environment ![Articles Index - The Environment](https://ivu.org/images/legacy/history/banners/animals-environment.png) [Animals](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6349-animals-animals.html) [Animals as Food](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6363-animals-meat.html) [Beef, Veal, Poultry](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6352-animals-beef.html) [BSE](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6198-science-articles-bse.html) [Clothing](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6354-animals-clothing.html) [Companion Animals](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6364-animals-pets.html) [Eggs/Dairy Products](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6355-animals-dairy.html) [Entertainment and Hunting](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6356-animals-entertainment.html) [The Environment](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6357-animals-environment.html) ['Exotic' meat](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6358-animals-exotic.html) [Farm Animals](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6359-animals-farms.html) [Fish](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6360-animals-fish.html) [Gardening](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6361-animals-gardening.html) [Genetic Engineering](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6200-science-articles-genetic.html) [Research on Animals](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6205-science-articles-research.html) [Slaughter](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6365-animals-slaughter.html) [Wildlife](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6366-animals-wildlife.html) | - ***Italiano** [Ambientalisti e vegetarismo](http://www.veganitalia.com/article.php?sid=99)* (VeganItalia) - Animal Farming and the Environment (OxVeg, 2000) - ***Italiano** [Allevamento e Ambiente](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6544-italian-trans-ov-animalfarmenv.html)* - [Animals and the Environment (index)](http://www.vegsoc.org/animals/) (VSUK) - [Anthropomorphic Theater: Deep Ecology and the New Paradigm](http://www.europeanvegetarian.org/evu/english/news/news973/anthropo.html) USA (EVU News, 1997) - ***Español** - [](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6690-spanish-trans-avs-reform.html)*[*El Teatro Antropomorfo: Ecología Profunda y el Nuevo Paradigma*](http://www.european-vegetarian.org/evu/spanish/news/news973/anthropo.html) - [Being Vegetarian is really good for environment](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/3301-congress-2002-texts-david1.html) (World Congress 2002) - [Can A Vegetarian Lifestyle Heal The Earth?](http://www.europeanvegetarian.org/evu/english/news/news991/heal.html) (EVU News, 1999) - ***Español:** - [Cómo nuestra elección de alimentos puede ayudar a salvar el medio ambiente](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6691-spanish-trans-es-foodchoices.html)* - [Eco-Bridges for deer](http://www.europeanvegetarian.org/evu/english/news/news982/bridge.html) (EVU News, 1998) - ***Deutsch:** [Öko-Brücken für Hirsch und Reh](http://www.europeanvegetarian.org/evu/german/news/news982/bridge.html)* - ***Español:** - [¿Ecologistas que comen carne? ¿Cómo puede ser?](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6714-spanish-trans-tva-enviro.html) (AVE)* - ***Deutsch** - [Eine vegane Familie](http://www.vegetarismus.ch/heft/97-1/veganfam.htm) (SVV)* - [Environmental Aspects of Vegetarianism: The Australian Experience](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/3749-congress-thai99-texts-ozenviron.html) (World Congress 1999) - ***Español** -* [*Aspectos medioambientales del vegetarianismo: la experiencia australiana* ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6638-spanish-congress-thai99-texts-ozenviron.html) - [Environmental Impacts (of animal food)](http://www.veganoutreach.org/whyvegan/environment.html) (Vegan Outreach) - Factory Farming and the Environment (book review) (OxVeg, 2000) - [Finland's first doctoral dissertation on environmental philosophy](http://www.europeanvegetarian.org/evu/english/news/news972/enviro.html) (EVU News, 1997) - ***Italiano** - [La prima dissertazione dottorale sulla filosofia ambientale](http://www.europeanvegetarian.org/evu/italian/news/news972/enviro.html)* - ***Italiano** [Il Vegetarismo come scelta di civiltà](http://www.veganitalia.com/article.php?sid=168)* (VeganItalia) - ***Español** - [La carne contamina](http://www.uva.org.ar/lacarnecontamina.html)* - **[Meat Eating and Global Warming](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6587-members-globalwarming.html)** - [Meat-eating environmentalist? How can that be?](http://www.veg.ca/lifelines/marapr/meat.htm) (TVA, 1999) - [Researcher as a Civic Activist](http://www.europeanvegetarian.org/evu/english/news/news972/activist.html) Finland (EVU News, 1997) - ***Italiano** - [Ricercatrice come attivista civica](http://www.europeanvegetarian.org/evu/italian/news/news972/enviro.html)* - [The Ecological and Economical Consequences of a Meat Orientated Diet](http://www.vegetarismus.ch/info/eoeko.htm) (SVV) - ***Deutsch** - [Ökologie und Ökonomie](http://www.vegetarismus.ch/info/oeko.htm)* - ***Français** - [Les conséquences écologiques et économiques](http://www.vegetarismus.ch/info/foeko.htm)* - [The Environment: A Vegetarian View](http://vegsoc.wellington.net.nz/ENVIRON.HTM) (NZvegsoc) - [Trees](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/5592-news-evu-news961-trees.html) - by Prof. Reuel Lahmer - ***Dansk** - Træer* - ***Deutsch** - [Bäume](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6142-german-news-evu-news961-trees.html)* - ***Español** - [Arboles](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/5927-spanish-news-evu-news961-trees.html)* - ***Esperanto** - Arboj* - ***Français** - [Les Arbres](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6177-french-news-evu-news961-trees.html)* - ***Româna** - Arbori* - ***Svenska** - Träd* - ***Deutsch** - [Umwelt und Ressourcen](http://www.vegetarismus.ch/info/6.htm) (SVV)* - ***Italiano** - [Ambiente e Risorse](http://www.vegetarismus.ch/info/i6.htm)* - ***Deutsch** - [US-Farmer «ernten» den Wind](http://www.vegetarismus.ch/heft/2000-2/windenergie.htm) (SVV)* - ***Deutsch** - [Vegane Bauernhöfe ohne Tierhaltung ](http://www.vegetarismus.ch/bliste.htm) (SVV)* - [Vegetarianism: The ethical and ecological imperative](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/5430-news-1-96-ethical.html) - Francisco Martín, Spain (IVU News, 1996) - ***Dansk** - Vegetarisme: Den etiske og økologiske nødvendighed* - ***Italiano** - [Vegetarianismo: L'imperativo etico ed ecologico](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6006-italian-news-1-96-ethical.html)* - ***Româna** - Vegetarianismul: imperativ etic si ecologic* - [Why environmentalists aren't vegetarian](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/3302-congress-2002-texts-david2.html) (World Congress 2002) - ****Español** [Por qué los ecologistas no son vegetarianos](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/6618-spanish-congress-2002-texts-david2.html)** A note on this archive. The history section of this website is drawn from a body of legacy content originally compiled by John Davis, former manager of the International Vegetarian Union. It represents his curation of historical material, and in places includes passages written by him directly. Over the years, the IVU website has migrated between several different hosting servers. In the course of these migrations, a number of PDF files were unfortunately lost, and **some links to PDF documents may no longer function**. Where this is the case, we have chosen to leave the original link text in place, as it may itself carry information of historical value. - Hits: 1193 ### Vegan Recipes - [![Shro Wat](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/shro-wat-1775263143_f9332943197acb1b443a2c3dcd3f9cff.jpg "Shro Wat")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/shro-wat.html "Shro Wat") #### [Shro Wat](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/shro-wat.html "Shro Wat") [Main course](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/main-course-for-lunch-and-dinner.html) [Ethiopia](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/ethiopian.html) [Soups](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/soup.html) [African](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/african.html) - [![VEGAN PEANUT PASTE DIPPED WITH VEGETABLES](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/th10%20161_aeb1e98fa80fdb223b679e4337d77b67.jpg "VEGAN PEANUT PASTE DIPPED WITH VEGETABLES")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/vegan-peanut-paste-dipped-with-vegetables.html "VEGAN PEANUT PASTE DIPPED WITH VEGETABLES") #### [VEGAN PEANUT PASTE DIPPED WITH VEGETABLES](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/vegan-peanut-paste-dipped-with-vegetables.html "VEGAN PEANUT PASTE DIPPED WITH VEGETABLES") [Breakfast and brunch](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/breakfast-and-brunch.html) [Vietnam](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/vietnam.html) - [![Tarragon Mustard](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/tarragon-mustard-1777320446_cbbae6a5dbaa7fec105bb105a256cc0f.jpg "Tarragon Mustard")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/tarragon-mustard.html "Tarragon Mustard") #### [Tarragon Mustard](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/tarragon-mustard.html "Tarragon Mustard") [Sauces](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/sauces.html) [African](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/african.html) ### VFA Blog - #### [How to Launch a Vegan Restaurant That Thrives: A Blueprint for Purpose-Driven Culinary Entrepreneurs](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/blog-front-page/item/how-to-launch-a-vegan-restaurant-that-thrives-a-blueprint-for-purpose-driven-culinary-entrepreneurs.html "How to Launch a Vegan Restaurant That Thrives: A Blueprint for Purpose-Driven Culinary Entrepreneurs") - [Read more](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/blog-front-page/item/how-to-launch-a-vegan-restaurant-that-thrives-a-blueprint-for-purpose-driven-culinary-entrepreneurs.html) ### Science - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/207-rapid-global-phaseout-of-animal-agriculture-has-the-potential-to-stabilize-greenhouse-gas-levels-for-30-years.html) [ Rapid global phaseout of animal agriculture has the potential to stabilize greenhouse gas levels for 30 years](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/207-rapid-global-phaseout-of-animal-agriculture-has-the-potential-to-stabilize-greenhouse-gas-levels-for-30-years.html) Popular - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/206-animal-agriculture-and-climate-change-a-qualitative-holistic-note.html) [ Animal Agriculture and Climate change a Qualitative holistic note](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/206-animal-agriculture-and-climate-change-a-qualitative-holistic-note.html) Popular - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/202-environmental-impact-of-two-plant-based-isocaloric-and-isoproteic-diets-the-vegan-diet-vs-the-mediterranean-diet.html) [ Environmental Impact of Two Plant Based Isocaloric and Isoproteic Diets The Vegan Diet vs the Mediterranean Diet](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/202-environmental-impact-of-two-plant-based-isocaloric-and-isoproteic-diets-the-vegan-diet-vs-the-mediterranean-diet.html) Popular ### History [ ![Taiwan's climate legislation embraces plant based eating](https://ivu.org/joomlatools-files/docman-images/generated/0f49c89d1e7298bb9930789c8ed59d48.jpg) Taiwan's climate legislation embraces plant based eating ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/history/vegan-nutrition-history/283-taiwans-climate-legislation-embraces-plant-based-eating.html "Taiwan's climate legislation embraces plant based eating") [ ![Chinese Dietary Guidelines 2022 Guideline 4 Eat fish poultry eggs, and lean meat in moderation](https://ivu.org/joomlatools-files/docman-images/generated/6a9aeddfc689c1d0e3b9ccc3ab651bc5.jpg) Chinese Dietary Guidelines 2022 Guideline 4 Eat fish poultry eggs, and lean meat in moderation ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/history/vegan-nutrition-history/282-chinese-dietary-guidelines-2022-guideline-4-eat-fish-poultry-eggs-and-lean-meat-in-moderation.html "Chinese Dietary Guidelines 2022 Guideline 4 Eat fish poultry eggs, and lean meat in moderation") [ ![Reply to Proposal No 4748 (Agriculture and Water Conservancy Category No 297) of the Third Session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People´s Political Consultative Conference](https://ivu.org/joomlatools-files/docman-images/generated/e3796ae838835da0b6f6ea37bcf8bcb7.jpg) Reply to Proposal No 4748 (Agriculture and Water Conservancy Category No 297) of the Third Session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People´s Political Consultative Conference ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/history/vegan-nutrition-history/281-reply-to-proposal-no-4748-agriculture-and-water-conservancy-category-no-297-of-the-third-session-of-the-13th-national-committee-of-the-chinese-peoples-political-consultative-conference.html "Reply to Proposal No 4748 (Agriculture and Water Conservancy Category No 297) of the Third Session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People´s Political Consultative Conference") ### Download the Vegetarian Nutrition Booklet for Kids and Adolescents - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/117-vegetarian-nutrition-booklet-for-kids-and-adolescents.html) [ vegetarian-nutrition-booklet-for-kids-and-adolescents](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/117-vegetarian-nutrition-booklet-for-kids-and-adolescents.html) Popular 7676 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/122-booklet-ivu-portugues-web.html) [ Booklet IVU portugues web](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/122-booklet-ivu-portugues-web.html) Popular 7319 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/123-nutrition-guide-for-students-with-khmer-translation.html) [ Nutrition Guide for Students (with Khmer Translation)](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/123-nutrition-guide-for-students-with-khmer-translation.html) Popular 6052 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/130-2023-05-03-18-17-13.html) [ ベジタリアン・ヴィーガン栄養ガイド](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/130-2023-05-03-18-17-13.html) Popular 5524 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/124-vegetarian-nutritie-cartea-pentru-copii-si-adolescenti.html) [ BROȘURA DE NUTRIȚIE VEGETARIANĂ - Romanian](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/124-vegetarian-nutritie-cartea-pentru-copii-si-adolescenti.html) Popular 5040 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/131-cartel-de-nutricion-vegetariana.html) [ CARTEL DE NUTRICIÓN VEGETARIANA](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/131-cartel-de-nutricion-vegetariana.html) Popular 4558 downloads ### Nutrition - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/294-what-are-the-best-sources-of-protein-introducing-the-bpi-score.html) [ What are the best sources of protein Introducing the BPI Score](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/294-what-are-the-best-sources-of-protein-introducing-the-bpi-score.html) Popular 603 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/250-2024-the-omniveg-study-health-outcomes-of-shifting-from-a-traditional-to-a-vegan-mediterranean-diet-in-healthy-men-a-controlled-crossover-trial.html) [ 2024 The OMNIVEG STUDY Health outcomes of shifting from a traditional to a vegan Mediterranean diet in healthy men A controlled crossover trial](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/250-2024-the-omniveg-study-health-outcomes-of-shifting-from-a-traditional-to-a-vegan-mediterranean-diet-in-healthy-men-a-controlled-crossover-trial.html) Popular 2782 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/205-plant-based-nutrition-exploring-health-benefits-for-atherosclerosis-chronic-diseases-and-metabolic-syndrome-a-comprehensive-review.html) [ Plant Based Nutrition Exploring Health Benefits for Atherosclerosis, Chronic Diseases, and Metabolic Syndrome—A Comprehensive Review](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/205-plant-based-nutrition-exploring-health-benefits-for-atherosclerosis-chronic-diseases-and-metabolic-syndrome-a-comprehensive-review.html) Popular 3834 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/204-2024-plant-and-animal-fat-intake-and-overall-and-cardiovascular-disease-mortality-main-folder-all-cause-mortality.html) [ 2024 Plant and Animal Fat Intake and Overall and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Main Folder All Cause Mortality](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/204-2024-plant-and-animal-fat-intake-and-overall-and-cardiovascular-disease-mortality-main-folder-all-cause-mortality.html) Popular 4052 downloads ![](https://ivu.org/media/yootheme/cache/02/adult-guide-029d8cad.png)### The International Vegetarian Union’s Vegan Nutrition Guide for Adults In 2 versions: - [For healthcare professionals](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutritional-guide/the-international-vegetarian-union-s-vegan-nutrition-guide-for-adults-healthcare-professionals.html) - [General Public Edition](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutritional-guide/guide-for-non-healthcare-professionals.html) [Get it now](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutritional-guide.html) ![](https://ivu.org/images/banners/booklet2.jpg)### Vegetarian Nutrition Booklet A Dietary Approach to Vegetarianism for Kids and Adolescents The intention of this booklet is present to kids and adolescents a healthy vegan diet [Read more](https://ivu.org/nutrition/vegetarian-nutrition-book-for-kids-and-adolescents.html) Vegan Nutrition ![](https://ivu.org/media/yootheme/cache/a6/logo_IVU_01_SLOGAN-a678b962.png) ### Presidents, Chair and Council - [IVU President and Chair of the International Council](https://ivu.org/ivu-chair.html) - [IVU Honorary President](https://ivu.org/ivu-honorary-president.html) - [International Council](https://ivu.org/international-council.html) ### Departments - [Fund-raising](https://ivu.org/fund-raising.html) - [Global Health](https://ivu.org/global-health-department.html) - [Medicine and Nutrition](https://ivu.org/nutrition/medicine-and-nutrition.html) - [Policy Initiatives](https://ivu.org/policies-initiatives.html) - [Articles](https://ivu.org/policies-initiatives/policies-iniciatives-articles.html) ### Regions - [Europe](https://ivu.org/europe-union.html) - [Latin America](https://ivu.org/latin-america.html) - [North America](https://ivu.org/north-america.html) - [Africa](https://ivu.org/africa-continent.html) - [Asia-Pacific](https://ivu.org/asia-pacific-region.html) - [Asia-South & India](https://ivu.org/asia-south-west.html) - [Asia-West & Middle East](https://ivu.org/asia-west-middle-east.html) - [Contacts](https://ivu.org/contact-ivu.html) ### Blogs - [Cynthia Schuck](https://ivu.org/cynthia-schuck.html) - [John Davis](https://ivu.org/john-davis.html) - [Marly Winckler](https://ivu.org/marly-winckler.html) - [Vegan Food Academy](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/blog-front-page.html) - [Login](https://ivu.org/login-2.html) ## Schema ```json {"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-animals-books.html?view=article&id=6357:animals-environment&catid=426","url":"https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-animals-books.html?view=article&id=6357:animals-environment&catid=426","name":"Articles Index - The Environment","inLanguage":"en","isPartOf":[{"@id":"https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu.html#archive"},{"@id":"https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-animals-books.html?view=article&id=6352:animals-beef&catid=426"}],"publisher":{"@id":"https://ivu.org/#organization"},"description":"Animals Animals as Food Beef, Veal, Poultry BSE Clothing Companion Animals Eggs/Dairy Products Entertainment and Hunting The Environment 'Exotic' meat Farm Animals Fish Gardening Genetic Engineering…"}]} ``` ```json { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "BreadcrumbList", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "name": "Home", "item": "https://ivu.org" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "name": "IVU", "item": "https://ivu.org/" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 3, "name": "Resources", "item": "https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources.html" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 4, "name": "Interviews", "item": "https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews.html" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 5, "name": "History of the Vegetarian Societies", "item": "https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews.html" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 6, "name": "animals", "item": "https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews.html" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 7, "name": "Articles Index - 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