--- title: "Preguntas Vegetarianas Más Frecuentes - Alimentos especiales - IVU - International Vegetarian Union" description: "Preguntas Vegetarianas Más Frecuentes - Alimentos especiales: Unión Vegetariana Internacional (IVU) Preguntas Más Frecuentes : Alimentos especiales ¿Qué es el miso? El miso se hace con la soja fermentada y normalmente se encuentra en forma de pasta." url: "https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/5851-spanish-faq-specialities.html" date: "2026-11-06T00:20:38+00:00" language: "en-GB" --- # Preguntas Vegetarianas Más Frecuentes - Alimentos especiales **Unión Vegetariana Internacional (IVU)** | ![IVU logo](https://ivu.org/images/legacy/history/members/pics/ivu-con4.gif) | | |---|---| | | | | **Preguntas Más Frecuentes : Alimentos especiales** | **¿Qué es el miso?** El miso se hace con la soja fermentada y normalmente se encuentra en forma de pasta. Se utiliza como aromatizante y en caldos para sopas. Conservación del miso: si se trata de un miso oscuro, como el miso hatcho, o miso rojo, dura bastante tiempo sin refrigeración, especialmente el miso “de tres años”. Sin embargo no es mala idea conservarlo en frío. Si es un miso dulce como el amarillo, el blanco suave o el blanco dulce sólo se conservará refrigerado. Además, si el miso está pasteurizado también necesita frío. Y atención con algunas marcas de miso japonesas: podrían contener caldo de pescado. Su valor nutricional por cucharada es: calorías 36 g. proteínas 2 g. carbohidratos 5 g. grasas 1 g. sodio 629 mg. (de Pennington, "Food Values of Portions Commonly Used") **¿Qué es el tofu?** El tofu o “queso” de soja es en esencia la leche de la soja cuajada sin el líquido (un proceso similar al de obtención del queso de la leche) Su sabor natural es muy suave, pero tiene una gran capacidad para absorber los sabores de otros ingredientes por lo que se le ha llegado a llamar “camaleón culinario”. Se pueden adquirir distintas variedades, desde tierno (o sedoso) a muy firme. El tofu tierno se utiliza en pastelería y para hacer salsas para untar mientras que las variedades con más consistencia se utilizan en salteados, en sopas y en general recetas en las que precisemos que mantenga su forma. El tofu congelado puede ser un excelente sustituto de la carne picada en una gran variedad de recetas. El tofu se encuentra en tiendas de dietética y a veces en la sección de refrigerados de los supermercados, cerca de las verduras y los lácteos. **¿Qué es el seitán?** El seitán es una forma del gluten de trigo. Tiene muchas proteínas, poca grasa y nada de colesterol (claro que ningún alimento vegano tiene colesterol). Se encuentra en la sección de refrigerados de ecotiendas, herbolarios o tiendas de dietética. Suele estar cerca del tofu, es de color marrón (café claro) y a menudo se presenta en tiras de uno o dos centímetros de grosor o en pequeños bloques. El seitán se hace con harina de trigo integral mezclada con agua y amasada. Esta masa es sometida a un proceso de aclarados para eliminar la fécula y el salvado hasta que se obtiene el gluten. Después de cocerse en agua, a esta masa glutinosa se le llama Kofu, y se puede seguir procesando de diversas maneras, una de las cuales es el seitán. El Kofu se convierte en seitán tras hervir a fuego lento en caldo a base de tamari, agua y alga kombu. El seitán se puede usar para sandwiches o para preparar platos como seitán agridulce, salteados de seitán, en forma de “filetes”, etc. Se puede elaborar en casa siguiendo el proceso completo o utilizando preparados comerciales disponibles en algunas tiendas especializadas. Algunas empresas producen platos preparados de seitán veganos (como Meat of Wheat de Ivy Foods). **¿Qué es el tahín (o tahini)?** *de un lector de los EE.UU.:* Es una 'mantequilla' hecha a base de semillas de sésamo trituradas, similar a la manteca de cacahuete (maní). **¿Qué es el tempeh?** El tempeh es un producto de textura similar a la de la carne hecho a partir de soja fermentada. Se puede utilizar en barbacoas y tiene un sabor bastante fuerte comparado con el del tofu. **¿Qué es la soja texturizada?** La soja o soya texturizada (o proteína vegetal texturizada) es un producto de textura muy similar a la carne usada para aumentar el contenido nutricional de las comidas a la vez que mantiene un sabor relativamente atractivo. Es harina de soja desgrasada y es muy baja en grasas. Se vende a menudo en preparados pensados para sustituir la carne en las comidas y se encuentra como los anteriores en ecotiendas y tiendas especializadas. Se vende deshidratada y antes de usarla hay que rehidratarla. Algunas marcas pueden tener un alto contenido en grasas (ver la etiqueta), pero las que están hechas con harinas desgrasadas son bajas en grasas. **¿Hay alguna compañía en los EEUU a la que se puedan hacer pedidos por correo de salsas vegetarianas (como la salsa de ostras vegetarianas)?** *de un lector de California:* Yo compraba salsas vegetarianas (como la salsa de ostras vegetarianas) en un mercado de productos orientales. El nombre de esta cadena oriental es 99 Ranch Market y casi todas sus sucursales están en California. Tiene una sección completa de comida vegetariana con “jamón”, “chicken nuggets” (a base de soja) salsas de soja, sopas de fideos y otras comidas preparadas instantáneas. A lo mejor te convendría también echar un vistazo a las tiendas de alimentación vegetariana orientales de California. Son buenas y tienen precios razonables. *de un lector de China:* May wah Health Vegetarian Food Inc. 213 Hester street, New York, N.Y.10013 U.S.A. TEL:(212)334-4428 FAX:(212)-3344423 [**Indice del FAQ**](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/5845-spanish-faq-index.html) | **¿Qué es la levadura nutricional? ¿Cuáles son fuente de vitamina B12?**Se conoce como "levadura de cerveza desamargada" popularmente en español (al menos en España) a la “levadura nutricional” (saccharomyces cerevisiae). No se trata en realidad de la levadura resultante del proceso de hacer cerveza sino una levadura alimenticia con el mismo nombre científico (saccharomyces cerevisiae) pero que se cultiva para el consumo directo humano en una solución de melaza, y se presenta en forma de copos o en polvo. Tiene un sabor agradable que recuerda al del queso y se puede usar directamente sobre verduras, patatas asadas, palomitas de maíz (popcorn) o cualquier otra comida como condimento. Es diferente a otras levaduras como la de torula y a menudo la pueden usar personas que son demasiado sensibles a otro tipo de levaduras. ¡Las levaduras no son animales! Pertenecen a la familia de los hongos. Solían clasificarse como plantas aunque no producen clorofila, pero ahora constituyen su propio reino. Carlyee Hammer de Universal Products (la empresa matriz de Red Star, 414-935-3910) afirma que SóLO UNA de las variedades de esta levadura nutricional (número de producto T-6635+) está enriquecida con vitamina B12 en una proporción de 8 µg (microgramos) por gramo. La señora Hammer también afirma que otras variedades de levadura “nutricional” contienen menos de 1µg de B12 por gramo. Pero no estaba informada de si esto se determinaba mediante ensayos microbianos o no. Las pruebas microbianas ya no se consideran fiables debido a problemas como la reacción cruzada de corrinoides. Señaló que los ensayos son realizados por Hazelton Laboratories (608-241-7210). De esta información se desprendería que la levadura nutricional Red Star T-6635+ y probablemente ninguna otra, sería una fuente fiable de vitamina B12 en la dieta. **Tiendas de alimentación a las que se puede hacer pedidos por correo:** Foods of India Sinha Trading Co. Inc. 120 Lexington Ave, New York, NY 1002, USA Phone: 212-683-4419 Garden Spot Distributers Route 1 Box 729A, New Hollare, PS 17557, USA. Phone: 800-829-5100 (bulk foods, speciality items) Harvest Direct PO Box 4514, Decateur, IL 62525, USA. Phone: 800-8flavor (TVP, Sauces, Herbs, Mixes) The Mail Order Catalog P.O. Box 180, Summertown, TN 38483, USA. Phone: 800-695-2241 or 615-964-2241 or email This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. (Cookbooks, TVP, Instant Gluten Flour, Nutritional Yeast) Soyfoods Center Catalog PO Box 234, Lafayette, CA 94549, USA. Phone: 415-283-2991 Walnut Acres Penns Creek, PA 17862, USA Phone: 800-433-3998 (Organic foods, kitchenware, pantry items) Rainbow Natural Foods 1487 Richmond Road, Ottawa, Ontario K2B 6R9, Canada Phone: 613-726-9200 Paradise Farm Organics 1000 Wild Iris Lane Moscow, Idaho 83843, USA 1-800-758-2418 EarthSave Phone: 1-800-362-3648 Vegan-Versand Friedrich Ebert Str. 22 55286 Wörrstadt Germany Phone: (+49) (0)6732-960524 Fax: (+49) (0)6732-960525 Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. VEGAN-SHOP Hoehenstr. 50 60385 Frankfurt, Germany Phone: (+49) (0)69-440989 | Traducido por Gloria Solaesa - This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ![](https://ivu.org/images/legacy/history/spanish/mant.jpg) A note on this archive. The history section of this website is drawn from a body of legacy content originally compiled by John Davis, former manager of the International Vegetarian Union. It represents his curation of historical material, and in places includes passages written by him directly. Over the years, the IVU website has migrated between several different hosting servers. In the course of these migrations, a number of PDF files were unfortunately lost, and **some links to PDF documents may no longer function**. Where this is the case, we have chosen to leave the original link text in place, as it may itself carry information of historical value. - Hits: 668 ### Vegan Recipes - [![Kenyan Dengu 2](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/kenyan-dengu-1777772303_8f6844a4674390c3d18d88b63274569a.jpg "Kenyan Dengu 2")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/kenyan-dengu-2.html "Kenyan Dengu 2") #### [Kenyan Dengu 2](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/kenyan-dengu-2.html "Kenyan Dengu 2") [Protein Rich](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/proteiin-rich.html) [Main course](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/main-course-for-lunch-and-dinner.html) [Kenya](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/kenya.html) [African](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/african.html) - 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