--- title: "INTERNATIONAL VEGETARIANISM - IVU - International Vegetarian Union" description: "INTERNATIONAL VEGETARIANISM: De, MARQUETTE President, French Vegetarian Association and Vice-president, International Vegetarian Association. (Statement given at a Press Conference held under the auspices of the Bombay Humanitarian League on Saturday the 25th December 1954.) 1." url: "https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/3947-congress-wvc57-souvenir-marquette.html" date: "2026-11-06T00:03:38+00:00" language: "en-GB" --- # INTERNATIONAL VEGETARIANISM ![INTERNATIONAL VEGETARIANISM](https://ivu.org/images/legacy/history/banners/congress-wvc57-souvenir-marquette.png)**INTERNATIONAL VEGETARIANISM** Prof. Dr. J. De, MARQUETTE *President, French Vegetarian Association and Vice-president, International Vegetarian Association.* (Statement given at a Press Conference held under the auspices of the Bombay Humanitarian League on Saturday the 25th December 1954.) 1\. Some people think Vegetarianism is only an aspect of the Hindu religion. This is an erroneous view restricting considerably the scope and value of the bloodless diet. In reality under one form or another it has been advocated in the name of many religions and philosophies and has been practised by the elite of most countries from the dawn of history. Nowadays, it receives the support of numerous devotees of a non-religious character. Many modern vegetarians in the West, who are not practically religious, or even atheists, follow the bloodless regime for a variety of new reasons supplementing the the old religious and ethical motives of traditional vegetarians. *Anatomy and Anthropology Support it.* 2\. Some are prompted by scientific reasons. Two great scientific disciplines help man to appraise his nature and proper place in the world : comparative anatomy, showing his status among other animal species ; and anthropology, which sums up the researches in the nature of man. The founders of those sciences, both Frenchmen, Cuvier for comparative anatomy and Broca for anthropology, emphatically proclaimed that man was not a carnivorous animal, or a herbivorous one, nor a mixed feeder, but belonged to the frugivorous family which feeds on fruits and grains, these being the fruits of herbs and gramilieous plants. Consequently, many men who desire to live in harmony with the laws of nature have abandoned the eating of flesh. *Scientific Diet is Vegetarian* 3\. Since 1890, which was about the date of the beginning of scientific dietetics, vegetarianism has received a tremendous impetus. Repeated laboratory experiments in many countries of' Europe and America have proved beyond any doubt, that meat far from being an indispensable aliment, or even necessary and beneficial, was really responsible for a great many diseases. Europe was covered with a large network of Nature-Cure establishments in which innumerable invalids suffering from chronic nutritional disease were restored to health by a well-balanced scientific, vegetarian diet. Switzerland in particular, with its many vegetarian rest-homes and Nature Cure establishments has become a veritable Mecca for chronic sufferers and health seekers : and a great many among the numeilous vegetarians in Europe and America were prompted to adopt this pure regime for health reasons. *Will Solve the World Food Shortage.* 4\. Yet another, even more powerful, reason bids fair to bring the majority of mankind to the natural and pure regime. The population of the world has more than doubled in the last hundred years, and if this continues, mankind will be menaced by a terrible food shortage even with the improved (chemical) methods of cultivation. The latter may be more harmful than helpful. Experience shows that in many countries they are led to a dangerous decrease in the fertility of the earth, which was robbed of some of its essential constituents by the merciless exploitation allowed by chemical fertilizers. *Agricultural Economy.* 6\. The analysis of food chemists in agronomical institutes shows that while one hectare (slightly over 2 acres) produces annually 2 million food calories in meat and milk, it produces 10 million calories when planted in potatoes, 15 million calories when cultivated in the average crop of wheat or other cereals, and over 25 million calories when cultivated with intensified methods of truck gardening and constant rotation of crops. Thus one could feed ten times more vegetarians on a land devoted to vegetable gardening, than meat-eaters on the same area. Statistics from the Department of Agriculture of the United States confirm this view, showing that in the continental United States, although the per capita consumption of meat has decreased by 2/3rds since 50 years, more land is devoted to produce cattle food than if used in producing crops for human food. This is why many Governments of the most civilized countries are considering measures to induce their citizens to eat more vegetables. *Political and Social Conflicts.* 6\. This rapid survey suffices to show Vegetarianism in its broader and wider aspect. It is more than a practice based on the more or less effete taboo of more or less obsolete beliefs. It is a way of life based upon the noble and fine ideal of a New World, where people will be healthier, more humane and happier, because in following the laws of Nature, they shall cease to accumulate causes of disease in their daily life and will find it easier to solve political and social conflicts in a brotherly way. *Growing International Movement*. 7\. This is why Vegetarianism is a growing International movement, in which the religious and spiritual idealism of the East is supplemented by the practical, scientific and progressive spirit of the West. United by a common ideal and common practices of life. vegetarians the world over aim at forming a new international, the Green International of Nature in harmlessness, health and hope. | A note on this archive. The history section of this website is drawn from a body of legacy content originally compiled by John Davis, former manager of the International Vegetarian Union. It represents his curation of historical material, and in places includes passages written by him directly. Over the years, the IVU website has migrated between several different hosting servers. In the course of these migrations, a number of PDF files were unfortunately lost, and **some links to PDF documents may no longer function**. Where this is the case, we have chosen to leave the original link text in place, as it may itself carry information of historical value. - Hits: 991 ### Vegan Recipes - [![VEGAN KOREAN BLACK BEAN NOODLES](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/th10%20587_288c8869919d962d304db099d75a1a49.jpg "VEGAN KOREAN BLACK BEAN NOODLES")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/vegan-korean-black-bean-noodles.html "VEGAN KOREAN BLACK BEAN NOODLES") #### [VEGAN KOREAN BLACK BEAN NOODLES](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/vegan-korean-black-bean-noodles.html "VEGAN KOREAN BLACK BEAN NOODLES") [Korean](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/korean.html) [Breakfast and brunch](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/breakfast-and-brunch.html) [Noodles](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/noodles.html) - [![Tunisian Garlic and Chickpea Soup](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/tunisian-garlic-and-chickpea-soup-1775514190_0347fd9036bd71848c9edc9740e10733.jpg "Tunisian Garlic and Chickpea Soup")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/tunisian-garlic-and-chickpea-soup.html "Tunisian Garlic and Chickpea Soup") #### [Tunisian Garlic and Chickpea Soup](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/tunisian-garlic-and-chickpea-soup.html "Tunisian Garlic and Chickpea Soup") [Soups](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/soup.html) [African](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/african.html) [Tunisia](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/tunisia.html) - [![Brazilian Garlic Rice](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/brazilian-garlic-rice-1793675809_a958fe1cfe40982bd821a99ac29ce229.jpg "Brazilian Garlic Rice")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/brazilian-garlic-rice.html "Brazilian Garlic Rice") #### [Brazilian Garlic Rice](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/brazilian-garlic-rice.html "Brazilian Garlic Rice") [Brazil](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/brazil.html) [Rice](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/rice.html) [Starters & side dishes](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/snack-side-dishes.html) ### VFA Blog - [![The Global Journey of Grapes: A Fascinating History of Grape Cultivation Continent by Continent](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/purple_grapes_e6891bcb5737fcc4dd2f425c4a96e8dd.jpg "The Global Journey of Grapes: A Fascinating History of Grape Cultivation Continent by Continent")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/blog-front-page/item/the-global-journey-of-grapes-a-fascinating-history-of-grape-cultivation-continent-by-continent.html "The Global Journey of Grapes: A Fascinating History of Grape Cultivation Continent by Continent") #### [The Global Journey of Grapes: A Fascinating History of Grape Cultivation Continent by Continent](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/blog-front-page/item/the-global-journey-of-grapes-a-fascinating-history-of-grape-cultivation-continent-by-continent.html "The Global Journey of Grapes: A Fascinating History of Grape Cultivation Continent by Continent") - [Read more](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/blog-front-page/item/the-global-journey-of-grapes-a-fascinating-history-of-grape-cultivation-continent-by-continent.html) ### Science - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/207-rapid-global-phaseout-of-animal-agriculture-has-the-potential-to-stabilize-greenhouse-gas-levels-for-30-years.html) [ Rapid global phaseout of animal agriculture has the potential to stabilize greenhouse gas levels for 30 years](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/207-rapid-global-phaseout-of-animal-agriculture-has-the-potential-to-stabilize-greenhouse-gas-levels-for-30-years.html) Popular - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/206-animal-agriculture-and-climate-change-a-qualitative-holistic-note.html) [ Animal Agriculture and Climate change a Qualitative holistic note](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/206-animal-agriculture-and-climate-change-a-qualitative-holistic-note.html) Popular - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/202-environmental-impact-of-two-plant-based-isocaloric-and-isoproteic-diets-the-vegan-diet-vs-the-mediterranean-diet.html) [ Environmental Impact of Two Plant Based Isocaloric and Isoproteic Diets The Vegan Diet vs the Mediterranean Diet](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/202-environmental-impact-of-two-plant-based-isocaloric-and-isoproteic-diets-the-vegan-diet-vs-the-mediterranean-diet.html) Popular ### History [ ![Taiwan's climate legislation embraces plant based eating](https://ivu.org/joomlatools-files/docman-images/generated/0f49c89d1e7298bb9930789c8ed59d48.jpg) Taiwan's climate legislation embraces plant based eating ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/history/vegan-nutrition-history/283-taiwans-climate-legislation-embraces-plant-based-eating.html "Taiwan's climate legislation embraces plant based eating") [ ![Chinese Dietary Guidelines 2022 Guideline 4 Eat fish poultry eggs, and lean meat in moderation](https://ivu.org/joomlatools-files/docman-images/generated/6a9aeddfc689c1d0e3b9ccc3ab651bc5.jpg) Chinese Dietary Guidelines 2022 Guideline 4 Eat fish poultry eggs, and lean meat in moderation ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/history/vegan-nutrition-history/282-chinese-dietary-guidelines-2022-guideline-4-eat-fish-poultry-eggs-and-lean-meat-in-moderation.html "Chinese Dietary Guidelines 2022 Guideline 4 Eat fish poultry eggs, and lean meat in moderation") [ ![Reply to Proposal No 4748 (Agriculture and Water Conservancy Category No 297) of the Third Session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People´s Political Consultative Conference](https://ivu.org/joomlatools-files/docman-images/generated/e3796ae838835da0b6f6ea37bcf8bcb7.jpg) Reply to Proposal No 4748 (Agriculture and Water Conservancy Category No 297) of the Third Session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People´s Political Consultative Conference ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/history/vegan-nutrition-history/281-reply-to-proposal-no-4748-agriculture-and-water-conservancy-category-no-297-of-the-third-session-of-the-13th-national-committee-of-the-chinese-peoples-political-consultative-conference.html "Reply to Proposal No 4748 (Agriculture and Water Conservancy Category No 297) of the Third Session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People´s Political Consultative Conference") ### Download the Vegetarian Nutrition Booklet for Kids and Adolescents - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/117-vegetarian-nutrition-booklet-for-kids-and-adolescents.html) [ vegetarian-nutrition-booklet-for-kids-and-adolescents](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/117-vegetarian-nutrition-booklet-for-kids-and-adolescents.html) Popular 7676 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/122-booklet-ivu-portugues-web.html) [ Booklet IVU portugues web](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/122-booklet-ivu-portugues-web.html) Popular 7319 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/123-nutrition-guide-for-students-with-khmer-translation.html) [ Nutrition Guide for Students (with Khmer Translation)](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/123-nutrition-guide-for-students-with-khmer-translation.html) Popular 6052 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/130-2023-05-03-18-17-13.html) [ ベジタリアン・ヴィーガン栄養ガイド](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/130-2023-05-03-18-17-13.html) Popular 5524 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/124-vegetarian-nutritie-cartea-pentru-copii-si-adolescenti.html) [ BROȘURA DE NUTRIȚIE VEGETARIANĂ - Romanian](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/124-vegetarian-nutritie-cartea-pentru-copii-si-adolescenti.html) Popular 5040 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/131-cartel-de-nutricion-vegetariana.html) [ CARTEL DE NUTRICIÓN VEGETARIANA](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/131-cartel-de-nutricion-vegetariana.html) Popular 4558 downloads ### Nutrition - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/294-what-are-the-best-sources-of-protein-introducing-the-bpi-score.html) [ What are the best sources of protein Introducing the BPI Score](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/294-what-are-the-best-sources-of-protein-introducing-the-bpi-score.html) Popular 603 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/250-2024-the-omniveg-study-health-outcomes-of-shifting-from-a-traditional-to-a-vegan-mediterranean-diet-in-healthy-men-a-controlled-crossover-trial.html) [ 2024 The OMNIVEG STUDY Health outcomes of shifting from a traditional to a vegan Mediterranean diet in healthy men A controlled crossover trial](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/250-2024-the-omniveg-study-health-outcomes-of-shifting-from-a-traditional-to-a-vegan-mediterranean-diet-in-healthy-men-a-controlled-crossover-trial.html) Popular 2782 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/205-plant-based-nutrition-exploring-health-benefits-for-atherosclerosis-chronic-diseases-and-metabolic-syndrome-a-comprehensive-review.html) [ Plant Based Nutrition Exploring Health Benefits for Atherosclerosis, Chronic Diseases, and Metabolic Syndrome—A Comprehensive Review](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/205-plant-based-nutrition-exploring-health-benefits-for-atherosclerosis-chronic-diseases-and-metabolic-syndrome-a-comprehensive-review.html) Popular 3834 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/204-2024-plant-and-animal-fat-intake-and-overall-and-cardiovascular-disease-mortality-main-folder-all-cause-mortality.html) [ 2024 Plant and Animal Fat Intake and Overall and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Main Folder All Cause Mortality](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/204-2024-plant-and-animal-fat-intake-and-overall-and-cardiovascular-disease-mortality-main-folder-all-cause-mortality.html) Popular 4052 downloads ![](https://ivu.org/media/yootheme/cache/02/adult-guide-029d8cad.png)### The International Vegetarian Union’s Vegan Nutrition Guide for Adults In 2 versions: - [For healthcare professionals](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutritional-guide/the-international-vegetarian-union-s-vegan-nutrition-guide-for-adults-healthcare-professionals.html) - [General Public Edition](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutritional-guide/guide-for-non-healthcare-professionals.html) [Get it now](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutritional-guide.html) ![](https://ivu.org/images/banners/booklet2.jpg)### Vegetarian Nutrition Booklet A Dietary Approach to Vegetarianism for Kids and Adolescents The intention of this booklet is present to kids and adolescents a healthy vegan diet [Read more](https://ivu.org/nutrition/vegetarian-nutrition-book-for-kids-and-adolescents.html) Vegan Nutrition ![](https://ivu.org/media/yootheme/cache/a6/logo_IVU_01_SLOGAN-a678b962.png) ### Presidents, Chair and Council - [IVU President and Chair of the International Council](https://ivu.org/ivu-chair.html) - [IVU Honorary President](https://ivu.org/ivu-honorary-president.html) - [International Council](https://ivu.org/international-council.html) ### Departments - [Fund-raising](https://ivu.org/fund-raising.html) - [Global Health](https://ivu.org/global-health-department.html) - [Medicine and Nutrition](https://ivu.org/nutrition/medicine-and-nutrition.html) - [Policy Initiatives](https://ivu.org/policies-initiatives.html) - [Articles](https://ivu.org/policies-initiatives/policies-iniciatives-articles.html) ### Regions - [Europe](https://ivu.org/europe-union.html) - [Latin America](https://ivu.org/latin-america.html) - [North America](https://ivu.org/north-america.html) - [Africa](https://ivu.org/africa-continent.html) - [Asia-Pacific](https://ivu.org/asia-pacific-region.html) - [Asia-South & India](https://ivu.org/asia-south-west.html) - [Asia-West & Middle East](https://ivu.org/asia-west-middle-east.html) - [Contacts](https://ivu.org/contact-ivu.html) ### Blogs - [Cynthia Schuck](https://ivu.org/cynthia-schuck.html) - [John Davis](https://ivu.org/john-davis.html) - [Marly Winckler](https://ivu.org/marly-winckler.html) - [Vegan Food Academy](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/blog-front-page.html) - [Login](https://ivu.org/login-2.html) ## Schema ```json {"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://ivu.org/history-of-vegetarianism-and-veganism/vegetarian-history-timelines/hv-timelines-eras-history-timeline-ancient.html?view=article&id=3947:congress-wvc57-souvenir-marquette&catid=184","url":"https://ivu.org/history-of-vegetarianism-and-veganism/vegetarian-history-timelines/hv-timelines-eras-history-timeline-ancient.html?view=article&id=3947:congress-wvc57-souvenir-marquette&catid=184","name":"INTERNATIONAL VEGETARIANISM","inLanguage":"en","isPartOf":[{"@id":"https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu.html#archive"},{"@id":"https://ivu.org/history-of-vegetarianism-and-veganism/vegetarian-history-timelines/hv-timelines-eras-history-timeline-ancient.html?view=article&id=3948:congress-wvc57-souvenir-mass&catid=184"}],"publisher":{"@id":"https://ivu.org/#organization"},"description":"INTERNATIONAL VEGETARIANISM Prof. Dr. J. De, MARQUETTE President, French Vegetarian Association and Vice-president, International Vegetarian Association."}]} ``` ```json { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "BreadcrumbList", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "name": "Home", "item": "https://ivu.org" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "name": "IVU", "item": "https://ivu.org/" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 3, "name": "Resources", "item": "https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources.html" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 4, "name": "Interviews", "item": "https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews.html" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 5, "name": "History of the Vegetarian Societies", "item": "https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews.html" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 6, "name": "congress", "item": "https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews.html" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 7, "name": "wvc57", "item": "https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews.html" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 8, "name": "souvenir", "item": "https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews.html" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 9, "name": "INTERNATIONAL VEGETARIANISM", "item": "https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/3947-congress-wvc57-souvenir-marquette.html" } ] } ``` ```json { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Article", "mainEntityOfPage": { "@type": "WebPage", "@id": "https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/3947-congress-wvc57-souvenir-marquette.html" }, "headline": "INTERNATIONAL VEGETARIANISM", "description": "INTERNATIONAL VEGETARIANISM: De, MARQUETTE President, French Vegetarian Association and Vice-president, International Vegetarian Association. (Statement given at a Press Conference held under the auspices of the Bombay Humanitarian League on Saturday the 25th December 1954.) 1.", "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "International Vegetarian Union", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://ivu.org/images/logos/logo-ivu-tranparent-background.png" } }, "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Alex Fernandes", "url": "https://ivu.org/international-council.html" }, "datePublished": "2026-06-30T23:45:26+00:00", "dateCreated": "2026-06-25T00:14:42+00:00", "dateModified": "2026-10-08T00:52:43+00:00" } ```