---
title: "Vegetarier-Bund Deutschlands - Eduard Baltzer - IVU - International Vegetarian Union"
description: "Vegetarier-Bund Deutschlands - Eduard Baltzer: The following article first appeared in Der Vegetarier the magazine of the Vegetarier-Bund Deutschlands in May/June 1992. In diesem Heft dürfen einige Bemerkungen zu Eduard Baltzer nicht Fehlen."
url: "https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/interviews/2455-history-europe19b-baltzer.html"
date: "2026-11-06T00:17:51+00:00"
language: "en-GB"
---

#  Vegetarier-Bund Deutschlands - Eduard Baltzer

The following article first appeared in *Der Vegetarier* the magazine of the Vegetarier-Bund Deutschlands in May/June 1992.

In diesem Heft dürfen einige Bemerkungen zu Eduard Baltzer nicht Fehlen. Trotzdem sollen hier nur einige wenige Anmerkungen genügen - das Sonderhaft 1/1987 befaßt sich ausführlich mit der Person und dem Umfeld von Balzer (Interessenten können das Heft bei der Geschäftsstelle anfordern).

![](https://ivu.org/images/legacy/history/history/societies/pics/kirche.jpg)
 Eduard Baltzer gehörte zur ersten Generation der vegetarischen Vertreter in Deutschland zusammen mit anderen bekannten vegetarischen Persönlichkeiten wie Gustav von Struve (1805-1883), Wilhelm Zimmermann (geb. 1819), Theodor Hahn (1824-1883), Gustav Schickeysen (1843-1893), Robert Springer (1816-1885) oder Richard Nagel.Diese ersten Vegetarier versuchten, die vegetarische Idee in Deutschland zu verbreiten - teils durch literarische Beiträge wie Gustav Struve mit „Mandaras Wanderungen“ (1833), teils mit historischen Werken wie Robert Springer mit „Enkarpa. Culturgeschichte der Menschheit im Lichte der pythagoräschen Lehre" (1884) oder aber durch Diskussionsbeiträge wie Richard Nagels "Das Fleisch-Essen vor dem Richterstuhle des Instincts, der Vernunft, des Gewissens, der Religions-Geschichte und der Natur-Wissenschaft oder: Der Weg zur Gesundheit, zum Wohlstande und Glück, zum Paradies“ (1829).

 Baltzer wurde zur zentralen Figur des frühen Vegetarismus in Deutschland - er leistete sowohl in der theoretischen Begründung des Vegetarismus wie in praktischen Fragen wie der Vereinsbildung oder der vegetarischen Kochbuchliteratur wertvolle Pionierarbeit.

Er wurde 1814 als Sohn eines evangelischen Pfarrers in Hohenleina, einem kleinen Ort nördlich von Leipzig, geboren, und studierte wie sein Vater evangelische Theologie (das Ausflugsprogramm des Kongresses in Leipzig im Juni sieht einen Besuch des Geburtsortes Hohenleina vor). 1847 leitete er die erste Freie Religions-Gemeinschaft in Nordhausen. In den Jahren 1848/49 nahm er aktiv am Revolutionsgeschehen teil. Nach 1849 wurden jegliche politische Aktivitäten für den demokratisch-liberal denkenden Baltzer unmöglich. 1866 kam Baltzer über die Lektüre von Theodore Hahns „Das Praktische Handbuch der naturgemäßen Heilweise“ zur vegetarische Ernährung.

Baltzer schreibt später:
 *„Das Hahn'sche Buch enthielt soviel historischen Stoff, daß mir für diese Frage (den Vegetarismus) jetzt Tore und Türen aufgetan waren. Ich las und ordnete mir die chaotisch hingeworfenen Notizen zum System ... Eine neue materielle und geistige Welt trat wie eine Offenbarung vor mein Auge.“*

Von nun an war Baltzers Leben von der vegetarischen Lebenweise geprägt: bereits ein Jahr später gründete er den ersten vegetarischen Verein in Deutschland, den *„*Verein für natürliche Lebenweise (Vegetarianer)“ , der zum Vorbild weiterer vegetarischer Vereine und Organisationen wird.

Vor 1850 wurde die vegetarische Lehre nach dem griechischen Philosophen und Vegetarier Pythagoras als „pythagoräische Ernährung*“* bezeichnet. In den ersten Jahren der deutschen Vegetarierbewegung nannten sich die Anhänger der fleischlosen Lebenweise „Vegetarianer*“*  - erst später, etwa ab 1880, wurde das moderne Wort „Vegetarier*„* üblich.

Das mehrbändige Werk „Natürliche Lebeweise“ , das Baltzer in den Jahren 1867-1872 verfaße, kann als Höhepunkt seiner umfassenden schriftstellerischen Tätigkeit gesehen werden. Es gliedert sich in vier Bände: „Weg zu Gesundheit und sozialem Heil“ , „Die Reform der Volkswirtschaft“ , „Briefe an Prof. Dr. Virchow“ , „Vegetarianismus in der Bibel“ . Von Seinen Büchern wurde "Pythagoras, der Weise von Samos" als Nachdruck 1987 neu aufgelegt (Verlag Heilbronn). Dieses Werk entstand nach umfangreichem Quellenstudium antiker Literatur.

Baltzer begriff Vegetarismus bereits vor über 120 Jahren als sehr viel mehr als nur eine Frage der Ernährung. Für ihn war die vegetarische Lebensweise gleichzeitig auch eine Hinwendung zu sozialen, ethischen und ökonomischen Problemen. Das Tier war für Baltzer ein schutzbedürftiges Mitgeschöpf: „Der Tiermord ist aus ethischen Gründen nicht gestattet, das Tier hat sein eigenes Lebensrecht und bedarf des menschlichen Schutzes“.

 | This booklet would not be complete without some observations on Eduard Baltzer. Nevertheless only a few notes must suffice - Special Issue 1/1987 deals in depth with Balzer's person and surroundings (if interested, please contact the office to order copies).  ![](https://ivu.org/images/legacy/history/history/societies/pics/baltzer.jpg)    Eduard Baltzer belonged to the first generation of vegetarian representatives in Germany, together with other well-known vegetarian personalities such as Gustav von Struve (1805-1883), Wilhelm Zimmermann (born 1819), Theodor Hahn (1824-1883), Gustav Schickeysen (1843-1893), Robert Springer (1816 - 1885), or Richard Nagel. These first vegetarians tried to spread the vegetarian idea in Germany - partly through literary contributions, like Gustav Struve with "Mandara's wanderings" (1833), partly through historical books like Robert Springer with "Enkarpa. Cultural history of mankind in the light of the Pythagorean system" (1884), or again through discussion contributions such as Richard Nagel's "Meat-eating before the dais of instinct, reason, conscience, religious history, and natural science, or: The path to health, prosperity and happiness, to paradise" (1829).  Baltzer became the central figure of vegetarianism in Germany - he performed valuable pioneer's work both in laying the theoretical groundwork of vegetariansm and in practical questions, such as how to form associations, or in the vegetarian cookbook literature.  He was born in 1814 as the son of a Protestant (Lutheran) minister in Hohenleina, a small village north of Leipzig, and like his father studied Protestant theology (a visit to the place of birth, Hohenleina, is scheduled for the excursion program of the Leipzig congress in June). In 1847 he led the first Free Religious Community in Nordhausen. In the years 1848/49 he actively participated in the revolutionary events. After 1849 political activities became impossible for Baltzer whose thought was democratic-liberal. In 1866 Baltzer came to vegetarian nutrition through reading Theodore Hahn's "The practical handbook of the natural way of curing."  Baltzer wrote later on:    "*Hahn's book contained so much historical material that I now saw gates and doors thrown open for me in this question (vegetarianism). I read while arranging the chaotically strewn notes for myself into a system. ... A new material and mental world appeared before my eye in the manner of a revelation."*  From then on Baltzer's life was characterized by the vegetarian way of life: only one year later he founded the first vegetarian association in Germany, the"Association for a natural way of life (vegetarians)", which was to become a model for other vegetarian associations and organizations.  Prior to 1850, the vegetarian teachings had been named "Pythagorean nutrition" after the Greek philosopher and vegetarian Pythagoras. In the early years of the German vegetarian movement, the followers of the meatless way of life way referred to themselves as "Vegetarianer" - only later, approximately from 1880, the modern word "Vegetarier" became standard.  The opus "Natural way of life" in several volumes, authored by Baltzer in the years 1867-1872, may be regarded as the culmination of his comprehensive literary activities. It is made up of four volumes: "Path to physical and social health", "The reform of the political economy", "Letters to Prof. Dr. Virchov", "Vegetarianism in the bible."From among his books "Pythagoras, the sage of Samos" was reprinted as a reproduction in 1987 (Publishers: Verlag Heilbronn). This work was written after an extensive study of classical literary sources.  Even then, more than 120 years ago, Baltzer already understood vegetarianism to be much more than just a question of nutrition. To him the vegetarian way of life at the same time also was a turn towards social, ethical and economic questions. For Baltzer, the animal was a fellow creature in need of protection: "Animal murder is not permitted for ethical reasons; the animal has its own right to life and requires protection by man."      A note on this archive. The history section of this website is drawn from a body of legacy content originally compiled by John Davis, former manager of the International Vegetarian Union. It represents his curation of historical material, and in places includes passages written by him directly.  Over the years, the IVU website has migrated between several different hosting servers. In the course of these migrations, a number of PDF files were unfortunately lost, and **some links to PDF documents may no longer function**. Where this is the case, we have chosen to leave the original link text in place, as it may itself carry information of historical value.  - Hits: 1813    ###  Vegan Recipes   - [![VEGAN PORRIDGE](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/th10%20486_ea0fd737e7c6b9ebcf50ac988f578f17.jpg "VEGAN PORRIDGE")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/vegan-porridge.html "VEGAN PORRIDGE")           ####  [VEGAN PORRIDGE](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/vegan-porridge.html "VEGAN PORRIDGE")            [Main course](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/main-course-for-lunch-and-dinner.html) [Rice](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/rice.html) [Vietnam](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/vietnam.html) - [![Gado Gado](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/Gado_Gado_p168_c9b80f5fc0906f49b3e51b90c02e1713.jpg "Gado Gado")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/gado-gado.html "Gado Gado")           ####  [Gado Gado](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/gado-gado.html "Gado Gado")            [Indonesia](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/indonesia.html) [Whole Food Plant Based](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/whole-plant-based.html) - [![Docinhos De Abobora - Brazilian Pumpkin Candy](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/docinhos-de-abobora---brazilian-pumpkin-candy-1792865227_803c0d659b6c0cfe7c898564c9745bf7.jpg "Docinhos De Abobora - Brazilian Pumpkin Candy")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/docinhos-de-abobora-brazilian-pumpkin-candy.html "Docinhos De Abobora - Brazilian Pumpkin Candy")           ####  [Docinhos De Abobora - Brazilian Pumpkin Candy](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/docinhos-de-abobora-brazilian-pumpkin-candy.html "Docinhos De Abobora - Brazilian Pumpkin Candy")            [Brazil](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/brazil.html) [Desserts](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/deserts.html) [Snacks](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/snacks.html) [South America](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/south-america.html)       ###  VFA Blog   - 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    "headline": "Vegetarier-Bund Deutschlands - Eduard Baltzer",
    "description": "Vegetarier-Bund Deutschlands - Eduard Baltzer: The following article first appeared in Der Vegetarier the magazine of the Vegetarier-Bund Deutschlands in May/June 1992. In diesem Heft dürfen einige Bemerkungen zu Eduard Baltzer nicht Fehlen.",
    "publisher": {
        "@type": "Organization",
        "name": "International Vegetarian Union",
        "logo": {
            "@type": "ImageObject",
            "url": "https://ivu.org/images/logos/logo-ivu-tranparent-background.png"
        }
    },
    "author": {
        "@type": "Person",
        "name": "Alex Fernandes",
        "url": "https://ivu.org/international-council.html"
    },
    "datePublished": "2026-10-16T00:00:16+00:00",
    "dateCreated": "2026-05-29T01:53:38+00:00",
    "dateModified": "2026-10-08T00:53:15+00:00"
}
```