---
title: "Una saludable forma de vida - IVU - International Vegetarian Union"
description: "Una saludable forma de vida: de \"Por qué Vegano\" , de Vegan Outreach La Asociación de Dietistas de Norteamérica (American Dietetic Association) opina que la alimentación vegetariana está asociada con una menor propensión a padecer obesidad, enfermedad de"
url: "https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu.html?view=article&id=6727:spanish-trans-vo-health&catid=297"
date: "2026-11-05T23:54:08+00:00"
language: "en-GB"
---

#  Una saludable forma de vida

![Una saludable forma de vida](https://ivu.org/images/legacy/history/banners/spanish-trans-vo-health.png)| **Una saludable forma de vida**   de ***"Por qué Vegano"***, de **[Vegan Outreach](http://www.veganoutreach.org/)**La Asociación de Dietistas de Norteamérica (American Dietetic Association) opina que la alimentación vegetariana está asociada con una menor propensión a padecer obesidad, enfermedad de arterias coronarias, hipertensión, diabetes mellitus, cáncer de colon y/o recto, cáncer de pulmón y enfermedades renales.  Los documentos originados durante el Tercer Congreso Internacional de Nutrición Vegetariana fueron publicados en la edición de septiembre del 1999 por la Revista Americana de Nutrición Clínica (The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition). Estos artículos resaltaron los beneficios de llevar una dieta a base de frutas, vegetales, leguminosas, frutos secos y semillas, y cereales:  - El consumo regular de frutas y vegetales se ha asociado con una reducción de riesgo a presentar enfermedades cardiovasculares, cáncer -en sus tipos más comunes-, además de otros padecimientos crónicos, como degeneración macular y cataratas. Entre los mecanismos de prevención potencial que fueron hallados en los estudios, incluyen: actividad antioxidante, aumentados procesos de depuración de toxinas, mayor estimulación del sistema inmune, mejoramiento de la coagulación sangínea, estabilización de la presión en la sangre, actividad antibacterial y antiviral, y mejor metabolización del colesterol. - Las leguminosas (como: alubias, guisantes, lentejas y cacahuetes) son excelentes fuentes de proteína, fibra y de una variedad de micro-nutrientes y fitoquímicos que actuan como protectores contra varias enfermedades. Las sustancias (llamadas "isoflavonas") que se encuentran en el frijol de soja se relacionan con la disminución del riesgo de padecer cáncer de próstata y, en las mujeres, aumenta la densidad de los huesos en la post-menopausia. - Un consumo regular de frutos secos y semillas se ve reflejado en la disminución del riesgo de sufrir enfermedades cardiacas que a menudo son mortales. Esto se debe a su contenido de grasas 'buenas', fibra, minerales como cobre y magnesio, vitamina E, fito-esteroles, entre otros componentes. Es de impotancia mencionar a las nueces, ya que éstas son ricas en el ácido alfa-linolénico omega 3; sustancia que tiene propiedades que impiden la formación de coágulos sanguíneos. - El consumir cereales se ve reflejado en la disminución del riesgo de sufrir enfermedades relacionadas con el corazón, diabetes, hipertensión, así como cáncer de estómago y colon. Algunos de los mecanismos de protección al ingerir cereales se ven propiciados por componentes como fibra, oligo-sacáridos, carbohidratos, minerales, vitaminas, fitoestrógenos y antioxidantes."  A pesar de que una dieta vegana balanceada tiende a ser mucho más conveniente que la dieta americana promedio, se debe tener claro que el simple hecho de evitar productos de origen animal no asegura un óptimo estado de salud. Así que es recomendable obtener información adecuada para saber cubrir los requerimientos nutricionales.  **Salud ósea**  Muchos factores afectan la salud de los huesos; factores como la adicción al tabaco, el alto consumo de sodio y/o de proteína. Por otro lado, la práctica de ejercicio, buenos niveles de calcio y vitamina D disminuyen el riesgo a presentar padecimientos óseos. Alimentos a base de soja que son altos en calcio, como el tofu o la leche de soja, son ricos en isoflavonas que ayudan a fortalecer los huesos. De ahí que ingerir leche de soja -fortificada- sea una excelente elección, ya que contiene justo la misma cantidad de calcio que la leche de vaca. El brécol, la col y la coliflor son fuentes naturales de calcio, e incluso tienen grandes porciones de magnesio y potasio, los cuales ayudan a proteger los huesos.  > *"El cuerpo humano necesita la leche de vaca, tanto como necesita la leche de perro, de caballo o de jirafa"   >  **Dr. Michael Klaper**; en conferencia, julio de 1985.*  **Contaminación**  El Centro para el Control y Prevención de Enfermedades (CDC) ha dado reportes en los que de 1993 a 1997, ha habido un gran número de epidemias, casos, -e incluso, muertes- a causa de la Salmonella enteritidis. La principal causa de la aparición de casos fue atribuida al consumo de huevo.  Se ha encontrado que muy probablemente algunos tipos de cáncer son causados por los niveles de dioxina contenida en los alimentos. Claro, que las personas que llevan una alimentación vegetariana minimizan los niveles de dioxina que ingieren.  Rutinariamente se usan antibióticos en los animales para provocarle un rápido crecimiento. De acuerdo a la revista Scientific American, "el 70% de los antibióticos producidos en los Estados Unidos se aplica netamente al ganado."  El Consejo de Investigación Nacional de EE.UU. (National Research Council), reconoce que hay relación entre el uso de antibióticos en el ganado, la resistencia de las bacterias a dichos fármacos, y la tasa de enfermedades humanas. Actualmente, la incidencia de enfermedades provocadas debido a estas causas es baja; sin embargo, existe la amplia preocupación de que esto podría convertirse en un serio problema.  De la revista Philadephia Inquirer:  > *En el último año, la contaminación bacteriana ha forzado a varias compañías americanas de la industria cárnica a retirar una cuantiosa suma de productos, como por ejemplo 13.5 millones de kilos en productos derivados de la carne, pertenecientes a la compañía Wampler Foods en el condado Montgomery en Alabama, EEUU. Ahí, una cepa de listeria (bacteria Listeria monocytogenes) estuvo relacionada con ocho muertes, tres abortos, y más de 50 diversas enfermedades a lo largo del Noroeste de EEUU.* Hay cabezas de pollo dispersadas por el piso, además de sangre debajo de las cuchillas con las que se ha matado a estos animales. Se pueden ver plumas y fluidos animales que corren a lo largo de una zanja en medio del piso de cemento; esta mezcla de desechos se dirige a las instalaciones de tratamiento de agua de 6 millones de dólares que hay en la planta. El aire cálido es desagradable, huele a muerte fresca y heces de animal. >  > Después de esta experiencia nada grata, empleados de la planta someten a prueba los fluidos de una de cada 10,000 aves para encontrar Salmonella, bacteria que se encuentra en los intestinos del animal. Comer carne contaminada con heces animales provoca complicaciones provocadas por la transmisión de Salmonella, cuyos síntomas son: diarrea, fiebre; y se estima que provoca 500 muertes cada año en EEUU. >  > Debido a que la Salmonella es considerada una bacteria de aparición cotidiana, el gobierno norteamericano permite que este microorganismo pueda aparecer como máximo en el 21.6% de las muestras de cadáveres de aves. >  > "La realidad es que las cadenas de supermercados presionan a las plantas procesadoras", dice Sechler. "Wal-Mart quiere vender hamburgesas cuyo costo sea de 99 centavos de dólar, y aún así la gente se pregunta por qué hay infecciones provocadas por E. coli."  **Nutrición vegana**  Como todas las dietas, un régimen vegano debe estar apropiadamente planeado para que sea saludable y nutricionalmente óptimo. Los nutrientes que casi todas las personas tienen preguntas al respecto, y los que requieren una especial importancia en las dietas veganas, son:  **Proteína**  Los médicos Virginia y Mark Messina, recomiendan que los veganos consuman alrededor de 0.8 gramos de proteína por día por cada kilo de peso corporal del individuo. Si un vegano consume una adecuada porción calórica y alimentos apropiados diariamente, entonces podrán obtener proteína suficiente. Esto último también es aplicable a los atletas veganos. No necesariamente se deben combinar alimentos para obtener "proteínas completas". Algunos alimentos con altos niveles de proteína son: hamburguesas vegetarianas, perritos calientes de soja, y embutidos; también leguminosas (frijoles, tofu, cacahuetes) y cereales (arroz, maíz, pan de trigo entero).  **Calcio**  Un consumo adecuado de calcio (impuesto por la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de EU) es de: 1200 mg (en personas mayores de 50 años), 1000 mg (en personas de 19 a 50 años), 1300 mg (en edades de 9 a 18 años), 800 mg (en edades de 4 a 8 años), and 500 mg (en niños de 1 a 3 años).  **Hierro**  La recomendación al consumir hierro es de 10 mg para hombres adultos y mujeres post-menopáusicas, y 15 mg for mujeres pre-menopáusicas. El hierro procedente de los vegetales no se absorbe tan fácilmente como el hierro procedente de otras fuentes, pero la vitamina C ayuda a la absorción de hierro (ambos nutrientes deben ser ingeridos en la misma comida). Los duraznos o albaricoques poseen vitamina C y hierro. Aún así, los vegetarianos no son más propensos a tener deficiencia de hierro que los no vegetarianos.  **Zinc**  Es recomendable ingerir 15 mg para hombres adultos, 12 mg para mujeres adultas. Cereales como hojuelas de fibra de trigo (como Bran Flakes) y otros contienen de 1 a 5.0 mg por taza. La mayoría de las leguminosas, así como el maíz y los guisantes tienen alrededor de 1.0 mg por 1/2 taza. Los anacardos, cacahuetes, crema de cacahuete, semillas de calabaza y semillas de girasol tienen 1 mg por cada 2 cucharadas.  **Vitamina D**  La vitamina D es producida mediante la exposición a la luz solar al nivel de la piel. Las personas de piel clara requieren de 15 a 20 minutos de luz solar en sus manos, brazos, y rostro, de 2 a 3 veces por semana. Las personas de piel oscura necesitan la misma cantidad anterior pero aumentada 6 veces más. Las personas que habitan en latitudes septentrionales del hemisferio norte durante el invierno, o en climas nublados, deben alcanzar la recomendación diaria (5 µg para los menores de 51 años; y de 10 a 15 µg si son mayores) a través de alimentos fortificados o suplementos.  **Vitamina B12**  La recomendación diaria es de 2.4 µg. Las plantas comestibles no son fuentes confiables de B12. Para prevenir una eventual deficiencia de esta vitamina, los veganos deben ingerir alimentos fortificados o suplementos. Este punto es muy importante durante el embarazo, lactancia, niñez y tercera edad.  **Grasas**  Alimentos ricos en grasas como los productos de soja, los frutos secos, las semillas, las mantequillas de ambos, el aguacate, y pequeñas cantidades de aceites vegetales (especialmente el de cánola y oliva) deben formar parte de toda dieta saludable. El consumo de estos alimentos es de especial importancia para satisfacer las necesidades nutricionales y calóricas en los niños.  Los veganos deben asegurarse de incluir un alimento que sea fuente de ácido linolénico (ácido graso esencial omega 3). La recomendación es de 2.2 gramos en una dieta de 2,000 calorías por día. Se encuentra en las nueces (1.9 gramos por onza), en el tofu y los frijoles de soja (0.8 a 1.0 gramos por taza), en el aceite de cánola (1.6 gramos por cucharada), y en el aceite de linaza (2.2 gramos por cucharadita; no calentar ni exceder de 2 cucharaditas por día).  **Yodo**  La recomendación diaria para los adultos es de 150 µg. Los veganos que no consumen alimentos comerciales preparados o sal yodada -considerables fuentes de yodo para la mayoría de los americanos- deben considerar el incluir un suplemento de yodo en su dieta.  > *"El veganismo me ha dado un mayor nivel de conciencia y espiritualidad".   > **Dexter Scott King**, hijo del Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr., revista Vegetarian Times, octubre de 1995.*  **¿Y qué hay para comer?**  Cuando hay un cambio de dieta, puede tomar un poco de tiempo el encontrar nuevas formas de preparación y desarrollar una rutina; pero con tiempo, experiencia y una adecuada motivación, los nuevos hábitos se volverán fáciles de seguir.  Para los veganos, hay varias opciones de alimentación vegana; sitios como los supermercados, pizzerías, cadenas de restaurantes (Taco Bell, Subway, etc.), así como establecimientos especializados en comida de algún país (México, India, Tailandia, China, Medio Oriente, Italia, Etiopia, etc.)  Las recetas que entre sus ingredientes requieran huevo, se pueden preparar utilizando Ener-G® Sustituto de huevo. Otra opción es usar fécula de maíz (2 cucharadas por huevo), o un plátano por cada huevo que deba agregarse a la harina de un pastel. En cuanto a la leche de vaca, se podrá usar leche de soja, de arroz o de frutos secos. Para sustituir otros alimentos lácteos -incluyendo quesos, yogures y helados-, se pueden comprar o preparar en fácilmente en casa, o siguiendo recetas como las del libro "The Uncheese Book".  Hay una amplia variedad de manuales acerca de la preparaciones de comida "tradicional vegana". Además de platillos cuyo principal ingrediente es el "seitán" (una especie de "carne de trigo") y otros sustitutos de carne.  Para comenzar el día es buena opción comer un tazón de cereal fortificado con leche vegetal enriquecida, nueces, almendras y/o semillas de girasol, acompañado con un vaso de zumo de naranja enriquecido en calcio. Esto ayudará a cumplir los requerimientos nutricionales diarios.  > *"La primera vez que conocí a alguien vegetariano, me contó que llevaba 14 años sin comer carne. Lo miré como si hubiera estado conteniendo la respiración durante todos esos años. Sin embargo, ahora sé que no hay nada riguroso o extremista en llevar una dieta exenta de carne."   > **Erik Marcus**, Vegan: The New Ethics of Eating, 1998.*  Hay ideas bastante simples de alimentación, por ejemplo:  - Desayuno      - Cereal o granola con leche de arroz/soja.     - Avena u otro cereal caliente     - Bagel o pan tostado con jalea     - Panqueques (tortitas)     - Yogur de soja     - Batido de fruta - Almuerzo / Cena      - Mantequilla de cacahuete con jalea     - Hamburguesa de soja o cereales     - Perrito caliente vegetariano     - Sandwich vegetariano     - Sandwich de tempeh o tofu     - Sopa o salsa chile (sobre pasta o arroz)     - Patatas (cocidas, en puré o fritas)     - Salteado de tofu, tempeh o seitán     - Pasta y salsa de tomate     - Burrito de frijoles     - Estofado de seitán     - Lasaña de tofu - Aperitivos/Postre      - Pretzels (rosquillas), palomitas de maíz     - Cacahuetes, almendras, nueces     - Papas fritas con salsa     - Plátanos, manzanas, naranjas     - Uvas pasas, higos o melocotones secos     - Semillas de girasol o calabaza     - Tartas, galletas o pasteles  | \|  \| \|---\|---\|  A note on this archive. The history section of this website is drawn from a body of legacy content originally compiled by John Davis, former manager of the International Vegetarian Union. It represents his curation of historical material, and in places includes passages written by him directly.  Over the years, the IVU website has migrated between several different hosting servers. In the course of these migrations, a number of PDF files were unfortunately lost, and **some links to PDF documents may no longer function**. Where this is the case, we have chosen to leave the original link text in place, as it may itself carry information of historical value.  - Hits: 1104    ###  1957 World Vegetarian Congress   - [1957 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-1957-congress-wvc57-index.html) - [1957 World Vegetarian Congress: Souvenir Book](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-1957-congress-wvc57-souvenir-index.html)      - [History of IVU](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu.html)      ###  Vegetarian Congresses: Main Archive   - [Illustrated History of IVU Congresses: 1908-2008](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-2008-ivuhistory-index.html) - [1847 England Physiological and Vegetarian Conference](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-1847-index.html) - [1850 American Vegetarian Convention](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-1850-index.html) - [1890 International Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-1890-index.html) - [1893 International Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-1893-index.html) - [1897 International Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-1897-index.html) - [1900 International Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-1900-index.html) - [1908 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc08-index.html) - [1909 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc09-index.html) - [1910 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc10-index.html) - [1926 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc26-index.html) - [1932 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc32-index.html) - [1935 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc35-index.html) - [1938 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc38-index.html) - [1947 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc47-index.html) - [1949 American Vegetarian Convention](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-1949na-index.html) - [1950 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc50-index.html) - [1953 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc53-index.html) - [1955 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc55-index.html) - [1957 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-1957-congress-wvc57-index.html) - [1960 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc60-index.html) - [1963 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc63-index.html) - [1965 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc65-index.html) - [1967 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc67-index.html) - [1971 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc71-index.html) - [1973 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc73-index.html) - [1975 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc75-index.html) - 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[Vegetarian Science Library](https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-science-library.html)      ###  Vegetarian News and Periodical Archives   - [IVU Magazine Archives](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-news-magazine.html) - [IVU Online News Archive](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-news-online-index.html) - [Interviews with Vegetarian and Vegan Activists](https://ivu.org/hv-news-periodicals-news-online-interviews-index.html) - [European Vegetarian Union News Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-news-periodicals-news-evu-index.html) - [European Vegetarian News Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-news-periodicals-news-europe-archives.html) - [Nigerian Vegetarian News Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-news-periodicals-nigeriaveg-newsarchive.html) - [The Vegetarian Newspaper: 1888-1903](https://ivu.org/hv-news-periodicals-history-europe19b-the-vegetarian.html) - [The British Vegetarian: 1959-1971](https://ivu.org/hv-news-periodicals-history-europe20b-british-vegetarian.html) - [The Vegetarian World Forum Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-news-periodicals-history-world-forum-index.html)      ###  Vegetarian Libraries and Historical Research   - [Vegetarian History Online Library](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-online-library.html) - [Museum of Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-museum.html) - [The Ethics of Diet: Book and Editions](https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-history-williams-index.html) - [Percy Bysshe Shelley: A Monograph](https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-history-shelley-monograph.html) - [The Vegetarian Movement in England: 1847-1981](https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-history-thesis-index.html) - [English Vegetarian Movement: Thesis Bibliography](https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-history-thesis-bibliography.html) - [Vegetarian Federal Union: 1897 Annual Report](https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-history-vfu-1897-report.html) - [Historical Books on Animal Ethics](https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-animals-books.html) - [Religious Vegetarian Books: Historical Library](https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-religion-books.html) - [How to Win an Argument with a Meat Eater: Booklet](https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-religion-articles-argument.html) - [Historical Books on Vegetarian Science](https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-science-library.html) - [Science Council of IVU: Historical Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-science-scivu-index.html)      ###  1990s Regional Congresses and Thailand 1999   - [1999 World Vegetarian Congress: Chiang Mai](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-1999-congress-thai99-index.html) - [1999 Thailand Congress: Programme and Abstracts](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-1999-congress-thai99-program-index.html) - [1999 Thailand Congress: Participant Profiles](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-1999-congress-thai99-profiles-index.html) - [1999 Thailand Congress: Historical Materials](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-1999-congress-thai99-index-old.html) - [1995 European Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-1999-congress-euro95-index.html) - [1997 European Vegetarian Congress: Bussolengo](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-1999-congress-euro97-index.html) - [1997 India and Far East Regional Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-1999-congress-asia97-index.html)      ###  Vegetarian People, Arts and Culture   - [Famous Vegetarians: People Directory](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-people-index.html) - [Vegetarian Actors in Film and Television](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-actors-index.html) - [Vegetarian Actors in Bollywood](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-actors-bollywood.html) - [European Vegetarian Actors](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-actors-europe.html) - [Vegetarian Television Personalities](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-tv-index.html) - [Vegetarian Radio Personalities](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-radio-index.html) - [Vegetarian Models and Fashion Designers](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-models-index.html) - [Vegetarian Rock and Pop Musicians](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-music-index.html) - [Vegetarian Classical, Jazz, Folk and Country Musicians](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-music-classic.html) - [Vegetarian Punk, Hip-Hop and Reggae Musicians](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-music-punk.html) - [Vegetarian Politicians and Activists](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-politics-index.html) - [Vegetarian Sports Personalities](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-sports-index.html) - [Vegetarian Writers, Artists, Poets and Philosophers](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-writers-index.html) - [Vegetarian Religious Leaders and Mystics](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-writers-religious.html) - [Vegetarian Scientists and Physicians](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-writers-scientists.html) - [Vegetarian Quotations and Poetry](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-quotes-index.html) - [Music and Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-music.html) - [Classical Music and Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-history-music-classical.html) - [Jazz and Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-history-music-jazz.html) - [Rock and Pop: Bands, Musicians and Timeline](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-history-music-rock.html) - [Rock and Pop: Historical Directory Version](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-history-music-all.html) - [Creative Writing and Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-writers-creative.html) - [Creative Writing: Historical Influences Directory](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-history-influences.html)      ###  2000 Toronto Congress Archive   - [2000 World Vegetarian Congress: Toronto](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2000-congress-2000-index.html) - [2000 Toronto Congress: Photo Gallery](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2000-congress-2000-pics-index.html) - [2000 Toronto Congress: Host Association Reports](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2000-congress-2000-tva-index.html) - [2000 Toronto Congress: Vegetarian About.com Report](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2000-congress-2000-vac-index.html)      ###  Vegetarian Societies and IVU History   - [History of Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu.html) - [History of the International Vegetarian Union](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-ivu-index.html) - [Vegetarian Societies: Historical Directory](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-societies-index.html) - [International Vegetarian Meetings Before IVU](https://ivu.org/hv-societies-ivu-history-societies-pre-ivu.html) - [Vegetarian Society UK: Historical Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-societies-ivu-history-societies-vs.html) - [Vegetarian Societies in the United Kingdom](https://ivu.org/hv-societies-ivu-history-societies-united-kingdom.html) - [US Vegetarian Societies: 1837-1908](https://ivu.org/hv-societies-ivu-history-societies-usa.html) - [North American Vegetarian Societies and IVU](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-northam-history.html) - [Vegetarian Societies in Latin America and the Caribbean](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-societies-latin-america.html) - [Vegetarian Societies in Africa](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-africa-history.html) - [Vegetarian Societies in South and West Asia](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-swasia-history.html) - [Indian Vegetarian Societies](https://ivu.org/hv-societies-ivu-swasia-india-history.html) - [IVU Fellows: Historical Directory](https://ivu.org/hv-societies-ivu-members-council-fellows.html)      ###  Vegetarian History: Timelines and Eras   - [Vegetarian History Timeline](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-timeline-index.html) - [Ancient Vegetarian History Timeline](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-timeline-ancient.html) - [Vegetarian History Timeline: 1400-1800](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-timeline-pre-1800.html) - [Vegetarian History Timeline: 1800-1888](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-timeline-19a.html) - [International Vegetarianism: 1889-1907](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-timeline-1900.html) - [IVU and Vegetarianism: Early 20th Century](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-timeline-1908.html) - [Vegetarianism in Ancient Greece and Rome](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-greece-rome-index.html) - [Ancient India and Eastern Vegetarian Traditions](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-east-index.html) - [Asia and Pacific Vegetarian History up to 1900](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-east-index2.html) - [Europe: Middle Ages to the 17th Century](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-renaissance-index.html) - [European Vegetarian History: 18th Century](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-renaissance-europe18.html) - [Food in England Since 1066](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-renaissance-food-england.html) - [England: Early 19th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-england19a-index.html) - [Europe: Late 19th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-europe19b-index.html) - [Europe: Early 20th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-europe20a-index.html) - [Europe: Late 20th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-europe20b-index.html) - [North America: 18th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-northam18-index.html) - [USA: 19th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-usa19-index.html) - [North America: Early 20th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-northam20a-index.html) - [North America: Late 20th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-northam20b-index.html)      ###  2008 Dresden Congress Archive   - [2008 World Vegetarian Congress: Dresden](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2008-congress-2008-index.html) - [2008 Dresden Congress: Lecture Texts](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2008-congress-2008-texts-index.html) - [Illustrated History of IVU Congresses: 1908-2008](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-2008-ivuhistory-index.html) - [2008 Dresden Congress: Historical Materials](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2008-congress-2008-index-old.html)      ###  2006 Goa Congress Archive   - [2006 World Vegetarian Congress: Goa](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2006-congress-2006-index.html) - [2006 Goa Congress: Lecture Texts](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2006-congress-2006-texts-index.html) - [2006 Goa Congress: Photo Gallery](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2006-congress-2006-jdphotos-index.html)      ###  2004 Brazil Congress Archive   - [2004 World Vegetarian Congress: Florianopolis](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2004-congress-2004-index.html) - [2004 Brazil Congress: Speakers and Food Demonstrators](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2004-congress-2004-speakers-index.html) - [2004 Brazil Congress: Lectures](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2004-congress-2004-lectures-index.html) - [2004 Brazil Congress: Reports and Comments](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2004-congress-2004-reports-index.html) - [2004 Brazil Congress: Cruelty-Free Fashion Gallery](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2004-congress-2004-photos-fashion-index.html) - [2004 Congress: Rio Grande do Sul Tour Gallery](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2004-congress-2004-photos-postcong1-index.html) - [2004 Brazil Congress: Historical Materials](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2004-congress-2004-index-old.html)      ###  Vegan Recipes   - [![Cold Shredded Cucumber with Green Bean Sprout](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/beansproutcucumber1_6706fd0277f9ee98d1168c4acc796d27.jpeg "Cold Shredded Cucumber with Green Bean Sprout")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/cold-shredded-cucumber-with-green-bean-sprout-2.html "Cold Shredded Cucumber with Green Bean Sprout")           ####  [Cold Shredded Cucumber with Green Bean Sprout](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/cold-shredded-cucumber-with-green-bean-sprout-2.html "Cold Shredded Cucumber with Green Bean Sprout")            [Chinese](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/chinese.html) [salads](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/salads.html) - [![VEGAN FRIED BANANA, OAT CAKE](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/th10%20678_efda21e51ac89653b975d22955e96eb6.jpg "VEGAN FRIED BANANA, OAT CAKE")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/vegan-fried-banana-oat-cake.html "VEGAN FRIED BANANA, OAT CAKE")           ####  [VEGAN FRIED BANANA, OAT CAKE](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/vegan-fried-banana-oat-cake.html "VEGAN FRIED BANANA, OAT CAKE")            [Breakfast and brunch](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/breakfast-and-brunch.html) [Desserts](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/deserts.html) [Vietnam](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/vietnam.html) [Stir Fry](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/fake-meats-tofu-etc-2.html) - [![Atar Allecha (Ethiopian Split Pea Puree)](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/atar-allecha--ethiopian-split-pea-puree--1775251456_49673ff024e19f9a092e4be07a98b772.jpg "Atar Allecha (Ethiopian Split Pea Puree)")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/atar-allecha-ethiopian-split-pea-puree.html "Atar Allecha (Ethiopian Split Pea Puree)")           ####  [Atar Allecha (Ethiopian Split Pea Puree)](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/atar-allecha-ethiopian-split-pea-puree.html "Atar Allecha (Ethiopian Split Pea Puree)")            [Main course](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/main-course-for-lunch-and-dinner.html) [Ethiopia](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/ethiopian.html) [African](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/african.html)       ###  VFA Blog   - [![Tofu: The Amazing Superfood That Will Change Your Vegan Diet Forever!](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/tofu_block_c93b133c438b51e4c2e14c5e8c30c315.jpg "Tofu: The Amazing Superfood That Will Change Your Vegan Diet Forever!")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/blog-front-page/item/tofu-the-amazing-superfood-that-will-change-your-vegan-diet-forever.html "Tofu: The Amazing Superfood That Will Change Your Vegan Diet Forever!")           ####  [Tofu: The Amazing Superfood That Will Change Your Vegan Diet Forever!](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/blog-front-page/item/tofu-the-amazing-superfood-that-will-change-your-vegan-diet-forever.html "Tofu: The Amazing Superfood That Will Change Your Vegan Diet Forever!")                - [Read more](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/blog-front-page/item/tofu-the-amazing-superfood-that-will-change-your-vegan-diet-forever.html)       ###  Science   - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/207-rapid-global-phaseout-of-animal-agriculture-has-the-potential-to-stabilize-greenhouse-gas-levels-for-30-years.html)     [ Rapid global phaseout of animal agriculture has the potential to stabilize greenhouse gas levels for 30 years](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/207-rapid-global-phaseout-of-animal-agriculture-has-the-potential-to-stabilize-greenhouse-gas-levels-for-30-years.html) Popular - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/206-animal-agriculture-and-climate-change-a-qualitative-holistic-note.html)     [ Animal Agriculture and Climate change a Qualitative holistic note](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/206-animal-agriculture-and-climate-change-a-qualitative-holistic-note.html) Popular - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/202-environmental-impact-of-two-plant-based-isocaloric-and-isoproteic-diets-the-vegan-diet-vs-the-mediterranean-diet.html)     [ Environmental Impact of Two Plant Based Isocaloric and Isoproteic Diets The Vegan Diet vs the Mediterranean Diet](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/202-environmental-impact-of-two-plant-based-isocaloric-and-isoproteic-diets-the-vegan-diet-vs-the-mediterranean-diet.html) Popular            ###  History     [ ![Taiwan's climate legislation embraces plant based eating](https://ivu.org/joomlatools-files/docman-images/generated/0f49c89d1e7298bb9930789c8ed59d48.jpg)    Taiwan's climate legislation embraces plant based eating                ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/history/vegan-nutrition-history/283-taiwans-climate-legislation-embraces-plant-based-eating.html "Taiwan's climate legislation embraces plant based eating")       [ ![Chinese Dietary Guidelines 2022   Guideline 4 Eat fish poultry eggs, and lean meat in moderation](https://ivu.org/joomlatools-files/docman-images/generated/6a9aeddfc689c1d0e3b9ccc3ab651bc5.jpg)    Chinese Dietary Guidelines 2022 Guideline 4 Eat fish poultry eggs, and lean meat in moderation                ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/history/vegan-nutrition-history/282-chinese-dietary-guidelines-2022-guideline-4-eat-fish-poultry-eggs-and-lean-meat-in-moderation.html "Chinese Dietary Guidelines 2022   Guideline 4 Eat fish poultry eggs, and lean meat in moderation")       [ ![Reply to Proposal No 4748 (Agriculture and Water Conservancy Category No  297) of the Third Session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People´s Political Consultative Conference](https://ivu.org/joomlatools-files/docman-images/generated/e3796ae838835da0b6f6ea37bcf8bcb7.jpg)    Reply to Proposal No 4748 (Agriculture and Water Conservancy Category No 297) of the Third Session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People´s Political Consultative Conference                ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/history/vegan-nutrition-history/281-reply-to-proposal-no-4748-agriculture-and-water-conservancy-category-no-297-of-the-third-session-of-the-13th-national-committee-of-the-chinese-peoples-political-consultative-conference.html "Reply to Proposal No 4748 (Agriculture and Water Conservancy Category No  297) of the Third Session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People´s Political Consultative Conference")                              ###  2002 Edinburgh Congress Archive   - [2002 World Vegetarian Congress: Edinburgh](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2002-congress-2002-index.html) - [2002 Edinburgh Congress: Programme](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2002-congress-2002-program-index.html) - [2002 Edinburgh Congress: Talks and Recipes](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2002-congress-2002-texts-index.html) - [2002 Edinburgh Congress: Photo Gallery](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2002-congress-2002-photos-index.html) - [2002 Edinburgh Congress: Jeff's Journal](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2002-congress-2002-journal-index.html) - [2002 Congress: Edinburgh and Scotland Travel Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2002-congress-2002-scotland-index.html)      - <a href="">Archives by Language </a>     - [Chinese People Archive: Traditional Chinese (Big5)](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-chinese-people-index-big5.html)     - [Chinese Writers Archive: Traditional Chinese (Big5)](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-chinese-people-writers-index-big5.html)     - [Chinese People Archive: Simplified Chinese (GB)](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-chinese-people-index-gb.html)     - [Chinese Writers Archive: Simplified Chinese (GB)](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-chinese-people-writers-index-gb.html)     - [French Famous Vegetarians Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-french-people-index.html)     - [French IVU Magazine Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-french-news-magazine.html)     - [French 2008 Dresden Congress Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-french-congress-2008-index.html)     - [German IVU Magazine Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-german-news-magazine.html)     - [German 2008 Congress: Historical Materials](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-german-congress-2008-index-old.html)     - [German Illustrated IVU Congress History](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-german-congress-2008-ivuhistory-index.html)     - [German 2008 Dresden Congress Programme](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-german-congress-2008-program.html)     - [Italian Famous Vegetarians Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-italian-people-index.html)     - [Italian IVU Magazine Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-italian-news-magazine.html)     - [Italian 1997 European Congress Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-italian-congress-euro97-index.html)     - [Italian 1999 Thailand Congress Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-italian-congress-thai99-index.html)     - [Italian 2008 Dresden Congress Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-italian-congress-2008-index.html)     - [Portuguese 2008 Dresden Congress Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-portuguese-congress-2008-index.html)     - [Spanish Famous Vegetarians Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-spanish-people-index.html)     - [Spanish 1999 Thailand Congress Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-spanish-congress-thai99-index.html)     - [Spanish 1999 Thailand Congress Programme](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-spanish-congress-thai99-program-program.html)     - [Spanish 2008 Dresden Congress Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-spanish-congress-2008-index.html)        ###  Download the Vegetarian Nutrition Booklet for Kids and Adolescents   - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/117-vegetarian-nutrition-booklet-for-kids-and-adolescents.html)     [ vegetarian-nutrition-booklet-for-kids-and-adolescents](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/117-vegetarian-nutrition-booklet-for-kids-and-adolescents.html) Popular               7676 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/122-booklet-ivu-portugues-web.html)     [ Booklet IVU portugues web](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/122-booklet-ivu-portugues-web.html) Popular               7319 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/123-nutrition-guide-for-students-with-khmer-translation.html)     [ Nutrition Guide for Students (with Khmer Translation)](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/123-nutrition-guide-for-students-with-khmer-translation.html) Popular               6052 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/130-2023-05-03-18-17-13.html)     [ ベジタリアン・ヴィーガン栄養ガイド](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/130-2023-05-03-18-17-13.html) Popular               5524 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/124-vegetarian-nutritie-cartea-pentru-copii-si-adolescenti.html)     [ BROȘURA DE NUTRIȚIE VEGETARIANĂ - Romanian](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/124-vegetarian-nutritie-cartea-pentru-copii-si-adolescenti.html) Popular               5040 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/131-cartel-de-nutricion-vegetariana.html)     [ CARTEL DE NUTRICIÓN VEGETARIANA](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/131-cartel-de-nutricion-vegetariana.html) Popular               4558 downloads            ###  Nutrition   - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/294-what-are-the-best-sources-of-protein-introducing-the-bpi-score.html)     [ What are the best sources of protein Introducing the BPI Score](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/294-what-are-the-best-sources-of-protein-introducing-the-bpi-score.html) Popular               602 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/250-2024-the-omniveg-study-health-outcomes-of-shifting-from-a-traditional-to-a-vegan-mediterranean-diet-in-healthy-men-a-controlled-crossover-trial.html)     [ 2024 The OMNIVEG STUDY Health outcomes of shifting from a traditional to a vegan Mediterranean diet in healthy men A controlled crossover trial](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/250-2024-the-omniveg-study-health-outcomes-of-shifting-from-a-traditional-to-a-vegan-mediterranean-diet-in-healthy-men-a-controlled-crossover-trial.html) Popular               2781 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/205-plant-based-nutrition-exploring-health-benefits-for-atherosclerosis-chronic-diseases-and-metabolic-syndrome-a-comprehensive-review.html)     [ Plant Based Nutrition Exploring Health Benefits for Atherosclerosis, Chronic Diseases, and Metabolic Syndrome—A Comprehensive Review](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/205-plant-based-nutrition-exploring-health-benefits-for-atherosclerosis-chronic-diseases-and-metabolic-syndrome-a-comprehensive-review.html) Popular               3832 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/204-2024-plant-and-animal-fat-intake-and-overall-and-cardiovascular-disease-mortality-main-folder-all-cause-mortality.html)     [ 2024 Plant and Animal Fat Intake and Overall and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Main Folder All Cause Mortality](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/204-2024-plant-and-animal-fat-intake-and-overall-and-cardiovascular-disease-mortality-main-folder-all-cause-mortality.html) Popular               4051 downloads                                ![](https://ivu.org/media/yootheme/cache/02/adult-guide-029d8cad.png)### The International Vegetarian Union’s Vegan Nutrition Guide for Adults  In 2 versions:  - [For healthcare professionals](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutritional-guide/the-international-vegetarian-union-s-vegan-nutrition-guide-for-adults-healthcare-professionals.html) - [General Public Edition](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutritional-guide/guide-for-non-healthcare-professionals.html)    [Get it now](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutritional-guide.html)         ![](https://ivu.org/images/banners/booklet2.jpg)### Vegetarian Nutrition Booklet A Dietary Approach to Vegetarianism for Kids and Adolescents  The intention of this booklet is present to kids and adolescents a healthy vegan diet    [Read more](https://ivu.org/nutrition/vegetarian-nutrition-book-for-kids-and-adolescents.html)                 Vegan Nutrition            ![](https://ivu.org/media/yootheme/cache/a6/logo_IVU_01_SLOGAN-a678b962.png)               ### Presidents, Chair and Council  - [IVU President and Chair of the International Council](https://ivu.org/ivu-chair.html) - [IVU Honorary President](https://ivu.org/ivu-honorary-president.html) - 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[Marly Winckler](https://ivu.org/marly-winckler.html) - [Vegan Food Academy](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/blog-front-page.html) - [Login](https://ivu.org/login-2.html)

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