--- title: "Jardinería \"Vegetariana\" - IVU - International Vegetarian Union" description: "Jardinería \"Vegetariana\": Jardinería \"Vegetariana\" por Dilip Barman de Triangle Vegetarian Society (TVS) Generalmente es fantástico tener una casa, y para mí es muy emocionante poder cultivar rosas, árboles frutales y ornamentales, arbustos y hierbas. No obstante," url: "https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu.html?view=article&id=6726:spanish-trans-tvs-vegarden&catid=297" date: "2026-11-05T23:57:26+00:00" language: "en-GB" --- # Jardinería "Vegetariana" ![Jardinería "Vegetariana"](https://ivu.org/images/legacy/history/banners/spanish-trans-tvs-vegarden.png)| **Jardinería "Vegetariana"** por *Dilip Barman* de **Triangle Vegetarian Society (TVS)**Generalmente es fantástico tener una casa, y para mí es muy emocionante poder cultivar rosas, árboles frutales y ornamentales, arbustos y hierbas. No obstante, especialmente de aquellos de nosotros que vivamos en casas de los alrededores de las ciudades, se espera que mantengamos un poco de césped, a pesar del impacto medioambiental que supone tener que regarlo y cortarlo, por no hablar de los fertilizantes químicos y de los herbicidas. Recuerdo haber leído en alguna parte que los motores de los cortadores de césped no están sujetos a los mismos controles de emisión de gases que los motores de los vehículos, y la emisión producida cortando un césped normal americano ¡es equivalente a la producida conduciendo un coche varios cientos de millas! (En 1994 había 89 millones de motores relativos al jardín y ellos produjeron más del 5 por ciento de toda la contaminación del aire. De acuerdo con la EPA, rellenar el depósito de pequeños motores derrama, cada año, más gasolina que la que liberó el vertido del buque Valdez). Podemos intentar plantar cobertores de suelo que requieran bajo mantenimiento, como los enebros, cubrir los jardines con abono orgánico, construir jardines en lechos alzados de hierbas, vegetales o flores, plantar flores salvajes de la zona, instalar un jardín acuático y usar otras técnicas para minimizar la cantidad de césped a cuidar. Lo que ciertamente podemos hacer es usar fertilizantes orgánicos en lugar de químicos que contaminan el agua subterránea, dañan a los animales y a los niños y producen un rápido crecimiento de un modo no sostenible en lugar de construir suelos saludables. De todos modos, un jardinero vegetariano se dará cuenta de que la mayoría de los fertilizantes orgánicos contienen ingredientes que son partes de animales molidas, como huesos, sangre, harina de plumas o emulsión de peces. Como vegetarianos no comemos animales y muchos de nosotros no queremos explotar o usar animales ¿deberíamos usar lo que probablemente son sub-productos de matadero? Algunos de nosotros podemos tener preocupaciones éticas e incluso de salud. **Estiércol** Un excelente fertilizante orgánico y reparador del suelo es el estiércol. ¿Hay problemas éticos sobre el uso de estiércol de vaca, caballo o pollo? ¿Qué ocurre con el estiércol de animales salvajes como pájaros marinos o murciélagos que se obtiene sin dañar al animal? Hay un terrible problema para deshacerse de los desperdicios de los animales y, aunque sospecho que el estiércol empaquetado viene de granjas-factoría, yo personalmente escojo usarlo. Idealmente, me encantaría encontrar un gentil cuidador de unas pocas vacas que recogiera y envejeciera el estiércol (no pongas estiércol fresco en tu jardín, ya que "quemaría" las plantas). Una clase de estiércol con el que puedes no estar familiarizado es el de bloques de lombrices de tierra, a veces llamado vermicompost. No huele, no quemará y sus ricos nutrientes están disponibles fácilmente. Los bloques consisten en fuertes cápsulas con forma de bala que resisten el compactamiento del suelo, mejorando en gran medida su estructura y su aireación, aislando también las raíces de temperaturas extremas. Mantienen la humedad cerca de las raíces de las plantas, permitiendo el drenaje del exceso de agua. Tienen típicamente un N-P-K (ver inmediatamente debajo) de 1 - 2 - 0 y están localmente disponibles en Wellspring, Earthwares y Earth Touch Organics, por aproximadamente dos dólares por kilo. (Industrias Nitron \[ver recursos más abajo\] tiene rebajas este verano con un coste de más o menos un dólar por kilo). **Fuentes nutricionales** Yo me siento muy incómodo usando productos con partes de animales muertos (¿quizás yo soy un jardinero de estiércol vegetariano y no un jardinero vegano?). Las plantas tienen una necesidad nutricional de N-P-K, que es, respectivamente, nitrógeno, fósforo y potasio. La tabla de abajo ofrece un sumario de lo que proporciona cada uno de estos nutrientes y de cuáles son buenas fuentes para obtenerlos. Las fuentes están divididas en tres categorías – vegana, “de estiércol vegetariano” y fuentes animales que los ingredientes vegetarianos pueden sustituir. \| Fuentes Nutricionales \| ## N \| El nitrógeno favorece el desarrollo del tallo y el buen crecimiento de las hojas. *Fuentes veganas:* Harina de alfalfa (asegúrate de que es biológica y no extraída químicamente), harina de semillas de algodón, harina de soja, cualquier planta verde, leguminosa o semilla (por ejemplo tréboles, guisantes, judías), nitrato de sodio, nitrato chileno (sólo para suelos no salinos), pelo (humano u otro). *Fuentes de "estiércol vegetariano":* bloques de lombrices de tierra, abono de murciélago, abono de aves marinas. *Fuentes animales a las que sustituyen las anteriores:* harina de sangre, emulsión de pescado. \| \|---\|---\|---\| \| ## P \| El fósforo favorece el desarrollo de las raíces, grandes flores, tallos fuertes y resistencia invernal. *Fuentes veganas:* fosfato de roca (éste es particularmente de liberación lenta y dura entre 2 y 3 años en el suelo, por lo que deberías añadirlo en el momento de plantar directamente en el agujero). *Fuentes de "estiércol vegetariano":* guano de murciélagos. *Fuentes animales a las que sustituyen las anteriores:* Harina de huesos. \| \| ## K \| El potasio favorece el desarrollo de fuertes flores, la producción de fruta, la salud general y la resistencia a las plagas, así como fuertes raíces. *Fuentes veganas:* Harina de kelp (yo cojo el kelp y lo aplico con una punta de manguera en modo de spray o con un spray de bomba directamente en las hojas para una suave pero efectiva fertilización foliar), pieles de plátanos biológicos, “arena verde” (liberación lenta), sulfato de potasa, ceniza de madera (úsala comedidamente). *Fuentes de "estiércol vegetariano":* no hay. *Fuentes animales a las que sustituyen las anteriores:* no hay. Además, las plantas necesitan minerales para desarrollarse. El kelp, mencionado en la tabla como una fuente de potasio, es también una gran fuente de estos minerales, y es uno de los mejores suplementos disponibles para mejorar la salud del suelo y su fertilidad. Obtenida de las algas, la harina de kelp es rica en minerales, no quema e incrementa la capacidad del suelo de mantener el agua. Como el fosfato mineral, otros fertilizantes de liberación lenta son el polvo de mica o de granito, o polvo glacial, estos proporcionan una gama amplia de minerales. **Compost** Es importante entender las fuentes nutricionales, pero la mayoría de los suelos tienen adecuado N-P-K y algunos jardineros biológicos usan simplemente “cultivos de cubierta” para enriquecer el suelo y aplican más o menos 2,5 cms. de buen abono biológico como compost para ayudar a mantener los nutrientes disponibles. Fertilices o no, lo mejor que puedes hacer para las necesidades de tu jardín es aplicar compost. Hecho correctamente, no debería generar olores y evita que tus desperdicios vegetales vayan al vertedero, donde, sin aire, no se descompondrán, para convertirlos en una muy rica mejora para el suelo. Todo lo que tienes que hacer es un montón en tu jardín en el que acumular material biológico que se descompondrá con el tiempo; puedes acelerar el proceso volteando la pila periódicamente o comprando un contenedor para hacer compost. Es bueno tener tanto los “verdes” (frescos y ricos en nitrógeno) como sobras de comida, restos de cortar el césped, bolsas de té y posos de café, y los “marrones” (secos y ricos en carbono) como hojas, ramas y papel y bolsas que se puedan hacer compost; evita las malas hierbas y las plantas con enfermedades. Infórmate en tu oficina de extensión agraria a este efecto sobre si hay jardineros expertos o posibles ayudas para contenedores. **Pestes, Rosas, Bio-orgánicos** Si hay interés, en el futuro puedo escribir un artículo sobre otros temas, como manejo integral de las pestes, cuidado biológico de las rosas y otros enfoques en relación a la jardinería vegetariana. Mencionaré rápidamente que yo he usado con éxito aceites invernales, el extracto de ajo y el neem (un extracto de un árbol que crece en La India) para repeler las pestes; publicaré pronto en mi web de jardinería (ver más abajo) una presentación que hice en junio sobre jardinería biológica para rosas; el enfoque bio-orgánico, que usa una vacuna microbiana para enriquecer el suelo de modo que, correctamente realizado (es imprescindible) hay una necesidad mínima de fertilización o de trabajo adicionales después del primer año. **Recursos** Tu oficina de extensión agraria es un gran recurso para el cuidado de plantas paisajísticas en general. Un almacén local, Earth Touch Organics (743-0150) en Raleigh cerca de Wellspring, tiene algunos fertilizantes como el kelp. Si tienes internet, yo tengo una página de jardinería en: [www.cs.unc.edu/~barman/plants.html](http://www.cs.unc.edu/~barman/plants.html) La mejor fuente de información para la jardinería biológica en general es el Organic Gardening List; envía un e-mail a This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. con el siguiente mensaje de dos líneas para participar en su discusión on-line: SUBSCRIBE OGL *Tu nombre* SET OGL DIGESTS Hay varias excelentes compañías a las que se les puede comprar por correo. Las que más he usado son Gardener's Supply y Gardens Alive!, en la siguiente lista incluyo éstas y otras: Gardener's Supply, VT (800)863-1700, http://www.gardeners.com – Gran fuente y buenos precios, abundancia de fertilizantes vegetarianos y empleados preparados y amables. Gardens Alive!, IN (812)537-8650, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. – Mi fuente primaria hasta que encontré Gardener's Supply, la mayoría de sus fertilizantes no son vegetarianos, pero son una gran fuente para otros productos como aceites invernales, neem e insectos beneficiosos. Peaceful Valley Farm Supply, CA (530) 272-4769, www.groworganic.com - Excelente catálogo de productos y completa selección de fertilizantes vegetarianos; merece la pena conseguir el catálogo, pero los envíos de los productos desde California son caros. Rohde's Nursery & Nature Store, TX (800)864-4445, eorganic.com, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. – Buena selección y buenos precios, además de “arena verde”, tienen “arena de lava”, ambos con buenos precios (sin tener en cuenta el envío). Nitron Industries, AR (800)835-0123, www.nitron.com – Tienen unas grandes rebajas en verano de 1998 hasta el 21 de septiembre para los bloques de lombrices, para pedido superiores a 90 kilos los bloques están a menos de un dólar por kilo, con el reparto incluido. Dos compañías cuyos catálogos he recibido recientemente y que pueden ser buenos recursos en sus áreas son: Arbico Environmentals, TN (800)827-BUGS, www.usit.net/BICONET, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. - Insectos beneficiosos. Bio/Organics Supply, CA (800)604-0444, www.bio-organics.com, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. – Información sobre el enfoque bio-orgánico. Feliz jardinería! \| \| \| \| \|---\| A note on this archive. The history section of this website is drawn from a body of legacy content originally compiled by John Davis, former manager of the International Vegetarian Union. It represents his curation of historical material, and in places includes passages written by him directly. Over the years, the IVU website has migrated between several different hosting servers. In the course of these migrations, a number of PDF files were unfortunately lost, and **some links to PDF documents may no longer function**. Where this is the case, we have chosen to leave the original link text in place, as it may itself carry information of historical value. - Hits: 1002 ### 1957 World Vegetarian Congress - [1957 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-1957-congress-wvc57-index.html) - [1957 World Vegetarian Congress: Souvenir Book](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-1957-congress-wvc57-souvenir-index.html) - [History of IVU](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu.html) ### Vegetarian Congresses: Main Archive - [Illustrated History of IVU Congresses: 1908-2008](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-2008-ivuhistory-index.html) - [1847 England Physiological and Vegetarian Conference](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-1847-index.html) - [1850 American Vegetarian Convention](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-1850-index.html) - [1890 International Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-1890-index.html) - [1893 International Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-1893-index.html) - [1897 International Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-1897-index.html) - [1900 International Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-1900-index.html) - [1908 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc08-index.html) - [1909 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc09-index.html) - [1910 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc10-index.html) - [1926 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc26-index.html) - [1932 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc32-index.html) - [1935 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc35-index.html) - [1938 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc38-index.html) - [1947 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc47-index.html) - [1949 American Vegetarian Convention](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-1949na-index.html) - [1950 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc50-index.html) - [1953 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc53-index.html) - [1955 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc55-index.html) - [1957 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-1957-congress-wvc57-index.html) - [1960 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc60-index.html) - [1963 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc63-index.html) - [1965 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc65-index.html) - [1967 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc67-index.html) - [1971 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc71-index.html) - [1973 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc73-index.html) - [1975 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc75-index.html) - [1977 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc77-index.html) - [1979 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc79-index.html) - [1982 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc82-index.html) - [1984 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc84-index.html) - [1994 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc94-index.html) - [1996 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-wvc96-index.html) - [1999 World Vegetarian Congress: Chiang Mai](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-1999-congress-thai99-index.html) - [2000 World Vegetarian Congress: Toronto](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2000-congress-2000-index.html) - [2002 World Vegetarian Congress: Edinburgh](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2002-congress-2002-index.html) - [2004 World Vegetarian Congress: Florianopolis](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2004-congress-2004-index.html) - [2006 World Vegetarian Congress: Goa](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2006-congress-2006-index.html) - [2008 World Vegetarian Congress: Dresden](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2008-congress-2008-index.html) ### History of Vegetarianism - [History of IVU](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu.html) - [Vegetarian History Timeline](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-timeline-index.html) - [Museum of Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-museum.html) - [History of the International Vegetarian Union](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-ivu-index.html) - [Vegetarian Societies: Historical Directory](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-societies-index.html) - [World Vegetarian Congress History](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-2008-ivuhistory-index.html) - [Famous Vegetarians: People Directory](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-people-index.html) - [Vegetarian History Online Library](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-online-library.html) - [IVU Magazine Archives](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-news-magazine.html) - [IVU Online News Archive](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-news-online-index.html) - [Vegetarianism in Ancient Greece and Rome](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-greece-rome-index.html) - [Ancient India and Eastern Vegetarian Traditions](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-east-index.html) - [Europe: Middle Ages to the 17th Century](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-renaissance-index.html) - [England: Early 19th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-england19a-index.html) - [Europe: Late 19th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-europe19b-index.html) - [Europe: Early 20th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-europe20a-index.html) - [Europe: Late 20th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-europe20b-index.html) - [USA: 19th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-usa19-index.html) - [North America: Early 20th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-northam20a-index.html) - [North America: Late 20th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-northam20b-index.html) - [Vegetarian Societies in Africa](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-africa-history.html) - [Vegetarian Societies in South and West Asia](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-swasia-history.html) - [Vegetarian Societies in Latin America and the Caribbean](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-societies-latin-america.html) - [North American Vegetarian Societies and IVU](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-northam-history.html) - [Music and Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-music.html) - [Creative Writing and Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-writers-creative.html) - [Religion and Vegetarianism Library](https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-religion-books.html) - [Vegetarian Science Library](https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-science-library.html) ### Vegetarian News and Periodical Archives - [IVU Magazine Archives](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-news-magazine.html) - [IVU Online News Archive](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-news-online-index.html) - [Interviews with Vegetarian and Vegan Activists](https://ivu.org/hv-news-periodicals-news-online-interviews-index.html) - [European Vegetarian Union News Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-news-periodicals-news-evu-index.html) - [European Vegetarian News Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-news-periodicals-news-europe-archives.html) - [Nigerian Vegetarian News Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-news-periodicals-nigeriaveg-newsarchive.html) - [The Vegetarian Newspaper: 1888-1903](https://ivu.org/hv-news-periodicals-history-europe19b-the-vegetarian.html) - [The British Vegetarian: 1959-1971](https://ivu.org/hv-news-periodicals-history-europe20b-british-vegetarian.html) - [The Vegetarian World Forum Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-news-periodicals-history-world-forum-index.html) ### Vegetarian Libraries and Historical Research - [Vegetarian History Online Library](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-online-library.html) - [Museum of Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-museum.html) - [The Ethics of Diet: Book and Editions](https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-history-williams-index.html) - [Percy Bysshe Shelley: A Monograph](https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-history-shelley-monograph.html) - [The Vegetarian Movement in England: 1847-1981](https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-history-thesis-index.html) - [English Vegetarian Movement: Thesis Bibliography](https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-history-thesis-bibliography.html) - [Vegetarian Federal Union: 1897 Annual Report](https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-history-vfu-1897-report.html) - [Historical Books on Animal Ethics](https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-animals-books.html) - [Religious Vegetarian Books: Historical Library](https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-religion-books.html) - [How to Win an Argument with a Meat Eater: Booklet](https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-religion-articles-argument.html) - [Historical Books on Vegetarian Science](https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-science-library.html) - [Science Council of IVU: Historical Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-libraries-research-science-scivu-index.html) ### 1990s Regional Congresses and Thailand 1999 - [1999 World Vegetarian Congress: Chiang Mai](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-1999-congress-thai99-index.html) - [1999 Thailand Congress: Programme and Abstracts](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-1999-congress-thai99-program-index.html) - [1999 Thailand Congress: Participant Profiles](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-1999-congress-thai99-profiles-index.html) - [1999 Thailand Congress: Historical Materials](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-1999-congress-thai99-index-old.html) - [1995 European Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-1999-congress-euro95-index.html) - [1997 European Vegetarian Congress: Bussolengo](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-1999-congress-euro97-index.html) - [1997 India and Far East Regional Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-1999-congress-asia97-index.html) ### Vegetarian People, Arts and Culture - [Famous Vegetarians: People Directory](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-people-index.html) - [Vegetarian Actors in Film and Television](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-actors-index.html) - [Vegetarian Actors in Bollywood](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-actors-bollywood.html) - [European Vegetarian Actors](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-actors-europe.html) - [Vegetarian Television Personalities](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-tv-index.html) - [Vegetarian Radio Personalities](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-radio-index.html) - [Vegetarian Models and Fashion Designers](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-models-index.html) - [Vegetarian Rock and Pop Musicians](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-music-index.html) - [Vegetarian Classical, Jazz, Folk and Country Musicians](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-music-classic.html) - [Vegetarian Punk, Hip-Hop and Reggae Musicians](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-music-punk.html) - [Vegetarian Politicians and Activists](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-politics-index.html) - [Vegetarian Sports Personalities](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-sports-index.html) - [Vegetarian Writers, Artists, Poets and Philosophers](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-writers-index.html) - [Vegetarian Religious Leaders and Mystics](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-writers-religious.html) - [Vegetarian Scientists and Physicians](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-writers-scientists.html) - [Vegetarian Quotations and Poetry](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-people-quotes-index.html) - [Music and Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-music.html) - [Classical Music and Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-history-music-classical.html) - [Jazz and Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-history-music-jazz.html) - [Rock and Pop: Bands, Musicians and Timeline](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-history-music-rock.html) - [Rock and Pop: Historical Directory Version](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-history-music-all.html) - [Creative Writing and Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-writers-creative.html) - [Creative Writing: Historical Influences Directory](https://ivu.org/hv-people-culture-history-influences.html) ### 2000 Toronto Congress Archive - [2000 World Vegetarian Congress: Toronto](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2000-congress-2000-index.html) - [2000 Toronto Congress: Photo Gallery](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2000-congress-2000-pics-index.html) - [2000 Toronto Congress: Host Association Reports](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2000-congress-2000-tva-index.html) - [2000 Toronto Congress: Vegetarian About.com Report](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2000-congress-2000-vac-index.html) ### Vegetarian Societies and IVU History - [History of Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu.html) - [History of the International Vegetarian Union](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-ivu-index.html) - [Vegetarian Societies: Historical Directory](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-societies-index.html) - [International Vegetarian Meetings Before IVU](https://ivu.org/hv-societies-ivu-history-societies-pre-ivu.html) - [Vegetarian Society UK: Historical Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-societies-ivu-history-societies-vs.html) - [Vegetarian Societies in the United Kingdom](https://ivu.org/hv-societies-ivu-history-societies-united-kingdom.html) - [US Vegetarian Societies: 1837-1908](https://ivu.org/hv-societies-ivu-history-societies-usa.html) - [North American Vegetarian Societies and IVU](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-northam-history.html) - [Vegetarian Societies in Latin America and the Caribbean](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-societies-latin-america.html) - [Vegetarian Societies in Africa](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-africa-history.html) - [Vegetarian Societies in South and West Asia](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-swasia-history.html) - [Indian Vegetarian Societies](https://ivu.org/hv-societies-ivu-swasia-india-history.html) - [IVU Fellows: Historical Directory](https://ivu.org/hv-societies-ivu-members-council-fellows.html) ### Vegetarian History: Timelines and Eras - [Vegetarian History Timeline](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-timeline-index.html) - [Ancient Vegetarian History Timeline](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-timeline-ancient.html) - [Vegetarian History Timeline: 1400-1800](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-timeline-pre-1800.html) - [Vegetarian History Timeline: 1800-1888](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-timeline-19a.html) - [International Vegetarianism: 1889-1907](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-timeline-1900.html) - [IVU and Vegetarianism: Early 20th Century](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-timeline-1908.html) - [Vegetarianism in Ancient Greece and Rome](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-greece-rome-index.html) - [Ancient India and Eastern Vegetarian Traditions](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-east-index.html) - [Asia and Pacific Vegetarian History up to 1900](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-east-index2.html) - [Europe: Middle Ages to the 17th Century](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-renaissance-index.html) - [European Vegetarian History: 18th Century](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-renaissance-europe18.html) - [Food in England Since 1066](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-renaissance-food-england.html) - [England: Early 19th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-england19a-index.html) - [Europe: Late 19th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-europe19b-index.html) - [Europe: Early 20th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-europe20a-index.html) - [Europe: Late 20th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-europe20b-index.html) - [North America: 18th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-northam18-index.html) - [USA: 19th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-usa19-index.html) - [North America: Early 20th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-northam20a-index.html) - [North America: Late 20th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-northam20b-index.html) ### 2008 Dresden Congress Archive - [2008 World Vegetarian Congress: Dresden](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2008-congress-2008-index.html) - [2008 Dresden Congress: Lecture Texts](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2008-congress-2008-texts-index.html) - [Illustrated History of IVU Congresses: 1908-2008](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-2008-ivuhistory-index.html) - [2008 Dresden Congress: Historical Materials](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2008-congress-2008-index-old.html) ### 2006 Goa Congress Archive - [2006 World Vegetarian Congress: Goa](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2006-congress-2006-index.html) - [2006 Goa Congress: Lecture Texts](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2006-congress-2006-texts-index.html) - [2006 Goa Congress: Photo Gallery](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2006-congress-2006-jdphotos-index.html) ### 2004 Brazil Congress Archive - [2004 World Vegetarian Congress: Florianopolis](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2004-congress-2004-index.html) - [2004 Brazil Congress: Speakers and Food Demonstrators](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2004-congress-2004-speakers-index.html) - [2004 Brazil Congress: Lectures](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2004-congress-2004-lectures-index.html) - [2004 Brazil Congress: Reports and Comments](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2004-congress-2004-reports-index.html) - [2004 Brazil Congress: Cruelty-Free Fashion Gallery](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2004-congress-2004-photos-fashion-index.html) - [2004 Congress: Rio Grande do Sul Tour Gallery](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2004-congress-2004-photos-postcong1-index.html) - [2004 Brazil Congress: Historical Materials](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2004-congress-2004-index-old.html) ### Vegan Recipes - [![Venezuelan Salsa](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/venezuelan-salsa-1793583556_9d49e94d330af9bb7921016bfe57ac50.jpg "Venezuelan Salsa")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/venezuelan-salsa.html "Venezuelan Salsa") #### [Venezuelan Salsa](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/venezuelan-salsa.html "Venezuelan Salsa") [Venezuela](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/venezuela.html) [Sauces](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/sauces.html) [Starters & side dishes](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/snack-side-dishes.html) [South America](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/south-america.html) - [![VEGAN TOMATO SANDWICHES](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/th11%20405_beb67583e640f3f634c4ec2d93c7ca8f.jpg "VEGAN TOMATO SANDWICHES")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/vegan-tomato-sandwiches.html "VEGAN TOMATO SANDWICHES") #### [VEGAN TOMATO SANDWICHES](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/vegan-tomato-sandwiches.html "VEGAN TOMATO SANDWICHES") [Breakfast and brunch](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/breakfast-and-brunch.html) [Fake Meats (Tofu etc)](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/fake-meats-tofu-etc.html) [Vietnam](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/vietnam.html) - #### [Moroccan Chickpea & Zucchini Salad](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/moroccan-chickpea-zucchini-salad.html "Moroccan Chickpea & Zucchini Salad") [Main course](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/main-course-for-lunch-and-dinner.html) [salads](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/salads.html) [Morocco](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/morocco.html) [African](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/african.html) ### VFA Blog - [![Why You Should Incorporate Onions Into Your Diet](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/red_onions_588dc7c7940b87f125c2cc170238bece.jpg "Why You Should Incorporate Onions Into Your Diet")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/blog-front-page/item/why-you-should-incorporate-onions-into-your-diet.html "Why You Should Incorporate Onions Into Your Diet") #### [Why You Should Incorporate Onions Into Your Diet](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/blog-front-page/item/why-you-should-incorporate-onions-into-your-diet.html "Why You Should Incorporate Onions Into Your Diet") - [Read more](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/blog-front-page/item/why-you-should-incorporate-onions-into-your-diet.html) ### Science - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/207-rapid-global-phaseout-of-animal-agriculture-has-the-potential-to-stabilize-greenhouse-gas-levels-for-30-years.html) [ Rapid global phaseout of animal agriculture has the potential to stabilize greenhouse gas levels for 30 years](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/207-rapid-global-phaseout-of-animal-agriculture-has-the-potential-to-stabilize-greenhouse-gas-levels-for-30-years.html) Popular - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/206-animal-agriculture-and-climate-change-a-qualitative-holistic-note.html) [ Animal Agriculture and Climate change a Qualitative holistic note](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/206-animal-agriculture-and-climate-change-a-qualitative-holistic-note.html) Popular - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/202-environmental-impact-of-two-plant-based-isocaloric-and-isoproteic-diets-the-vegan-diet-vs-the-mediterranean-diet.html) [ Environmental Impact of Two Plant Based Isocaloric and Isoproteic Diets The Vegan Diet vs the Mediterranean Diet](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/202-environmental-impact-of-two-plant-based-isocaloric-and-isoproteic-diets-the-vegan-diet-vs-the-mediterranean-diet.html) Popular ### History [ ![Taiwan's climate legislation embraces plant based eating](https://ivu.org/joomlatools-files/docman-images/generated/0f49c89d1e7298bb9930789c8ed59d48.jpg) Taiwan's climate legislation embraces plant based eating ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/history/vegan-nutrition-history/283-taiwans-climate-legislation-embraces-plant-based-eating.html "Taiwan's climate legislation embraces plant based eating") [ ![Chinese Dietary Guidelines 2022 Guideline 4 Eat fish poultry eggs, and lean meat in moderation](https://ivu.org/joomlatools-files/docman-images/generated/6a9aeddfc689c1d0e3b9ccc3ab651bc5.jpg) Chinese Dietary Guidelines 2022 Guideline 4 Eat fish poultry eggs, and lean meat in moderation ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/history/vegan-nutrition-history/282-chinese-dietary-guidelines-2022-guideline-4-eat-fish-poultry-eggs-and-lean-meat-in-moderation.html "Chinese Dietary Guidelines 2022 Guideline 4 Eat fish poultry eggs, and lean meat in moderation") [ ![Reply to Proposal No 4748 (Agriculture and Water Conservancy Category No 297) of the Third Session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People´s Political Consultative Conference](https://ivu.org/joomlatools-files/docman-images/generated/e3796ae838835da0b6f6ea37bcf8bcb7.jpg) Reply to Proposal No 4748 (Agriculture and Water Conservancy Category No 297) of the Third Session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People´s Political Consultative Conference ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/history/vegan-nutrition-history/281-reply-to-proposal-no-4748-agriculture-and-water-conservancy-category-no-297-of-the-third-session-of-the-13th-national-committee-of-the-chinese-peoples-political-consultative-conference.html "Reply to Proposal No 4748 (Agriculture and Water Conservancy Category No 297) of the Third Session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People´s Political Consultative Conference") ### 2002 Edinburgh Congress Archive - [2002 World Vegetarian Congress: Edinburgh](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2002-congress-2002-index.html) - [2002 Edinburgh Congress: Programme](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2002-congress-2002-program-index.html) - [2002 Edinburgh Congress: Talks and Recipes](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2002-congress-2002-texts-index.html) - [2002 Edinburgh Congress: Photo Gallery](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2002-congress-2002-photos-index.html) - [2002 Edinburgh Congress: Jeff's Journal](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2002-congress-2002-journal-index.html) - [2002 Congress: Edinburgh and Scotland Travel Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2002-congress-2002-scotland-index.html) - Archives by Language - [Chinese People Archive: Traditional Chinese (Big5)](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-chinese-people-index-big5.html) - [Chinese Writers Archive: Traditional Chinese (Big5)](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-chinese-people-writers-index-big5.html) - [Chinese People Archive: Simplified Chinese (GB)](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-chinese-people-index-gb.html) - [Chinese Writers Archive: Simplified Chinese (GB)](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-chinese-people-writers-index-gb.html) - [French Famous Vegetarians Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-french-people-index.html) - [French IVU Magazine Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-french-news-magazine.html) - [French 2008 Dresden Congress Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-french-congress-2008-index.html) - [German IVU Magazine Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-german-news-magazine.html) - [German 2008 Congress: Historical Materials](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-german-congress-2008-index-old.html) - [German Illustrated IVU Congress History](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-german-congress-2008-ivuhistory-index.html) - [German 2008 Dresden Congress Programme](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-german-congress-2008-program.html) - [Italian Famous Vegetarians Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-italian-people-index.html) - [Italian IVU Magazine Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-italian-news-magazine.html) - [Italian 1997 European Congress Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-italian-congress-euro97-index.html) - [Italian 1999 Thailand Congress Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-italian-congress-thai99-index.html) - [Italian 2008 Dresden Congress Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-italian-congress-2008-index.html) - [Portuguese 2008 Dresden Congress Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-portuguese-congress-2008-index.html) - [Spanish Famous Vegetarians Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-spanish-people-index.html) - [Spanish 1999 Thailand Congress Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-spanish-congress-thai99-index.html) - [Spanish 1999 Thailand Congress Programme](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-spanish-congress-thai99-program-program.html) - [Spanish 2008 Dresden Congress Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-spanish-congress-2008-index.html) ### Download the Vegetarian Nutrition Booklet for Kids and Adolescents - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/117-vegetarian-nutrition-booklet-for-kids-and-adolescents.html) [ vegetarian-nutrition-booklet-for-kids-and-adolescents](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/117-vegetarian-nutrition-booklet-for-kids-and-adolescents.html) Popular 7676 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/122-booklet-ivu-portugues-web.html) [ Booklet IVU portugues web](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/122-booklet-ivu-portugues-web.html) Popular 7319 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/123-nutrition-guide-for-students-with-khmer-translation.html) [ Nutrition Guide for Students (with Khmer Translation)](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/123-nutrition-guide-for-students-with-khmer-translation.html) Popular 6052 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/130-2023-05-03-18-17-13.html) [ ベジタリアン・ヴィーガン栄養ガイド](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/130-2023-05-03-18-17-13.html) Popular 5524 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/124-vegetarian-nutritie-cartea-pentru-copii-si-adolescenti.html) [ BROȘURA DE NUTRIȚIE VEGETARIANĂ - Romanian](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/124-vegetarian-nutritie-cartea-pentru-copii-si-adolescenti.html) Popular 5040 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/131-cartel-de-nutricion-vegetariana.html) [ CARTEL DE NUTRICIÓN VEGETARIANA](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/131-cartel-de-nutricion-vegetariana.html) Popular 4558 downloads ### Nutrition - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/294-what-are-the-best-sources-of-protein-introducing-the-bpi-score.html) [ What are the best sources of protein Introducing the BPI Score](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/294-what-are-the-best-sources-of-protein-introducing-the-bpi-score.html) Popular 603 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/250-2024-the-omniveg-study-health-outcomes-of-shifting-from-a-traditional-to-a-vegan-mediterranean-diet-in-healthy-men-a-controlled-crossover-trial.html) [ 2024 The OMNIVEG STUDY Health outcomes of shifting from a traditional to a vegan Mediterranean diet in healthy men A controlled crossover trial](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/250-2024-the-omniveg-study-health-outcomes-of-shifting-from-a-traditional-to-a-vegan-mediterranean-diet-in-healthy-men-a-controlled-crossover-trial.html) Popular 2782 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/205-plant-based-nutrition-exploring-health-benefits-for-atherosclerosis-chronic-diseases-and-metabolic-syndrome-a-comprehensive-review.html) [ Plant Based Nutrition Exploring Health Benefits for Atherosclerosis, Chronic Diseases, and Metabolic Syndrome—A Comprehensive Review](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/205-plant-based-nutrition-exploring-health-benefits-for-atherosclerosis-chronic-diseases-and-metabolic-syndrome-a-comprehensive-review.html) Popular 3834 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/204-2024-plant-and-animal-fat-intake-and-overall-and-cardiovascular-disease-mortality-main-folder-all-cause-mortality.html) [ 2024 Plant and Animal Fat Intake and Overall and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Main Folder All Cause Mortality](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/204-2024-plant-and-animal-fat-intake-and-overall-and-cardiovascular-disease-mortality-main-folder-all-cause-mortality.html) Popular 4052 downloads ![](https://ivu.org/media/yootheme/cache/02/adult-guide-029d8cad.png)### The International Vegetarian Union’s Vegan Nutrition Guide for Adults In 2 versions: - [For healthcare professionals](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutritional-guide/the-international-vegetarian-union-s-vegan-nutrition-guide-for-adults-healthcare-professionals.html) - [General Public Edition](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutritional-guide/guide-for-non-healthcare-professionals.html) [Get it now](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutritional-guide.html) ![](https://ivu.org/images/banners/booklet2.jpg)### Vegetarian Nutrition Booklet A Dietary Approach to Vegetarianism for Kids and Adolescents The intention of this booklet is present to kids and adolescents a healthy vegan diet [Read more](https://ivu.org/nutrition/vegetarian-nutrition-book-for-kids-and-adolescents.html) Vegan Nutrition ![](https://ivu.org/media/yootheme/cache/a6/logo_IVU_01_SLOGAN-a678b962.png) ### Presidents, Chair and Council - 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