---
title: "La \"dieta del grupo sanguíneo\" - ¿realidad o ficción? - IVU - International Vegetarian Union"
description: "La \"dieta del grupo sanguíneo\" - ¿realidad o ficción?: La \"dieta del grupo sanguíneo\" - ¿realidad o ficción? de Toronto Vegetarian Association por Michael Klaper, M.D."
url: "https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu.html?view=article&id=6708:spanish-trans-tva-blood&catid=297"
date: "2026-11-05T23:53:58+00:00"
language: "en-GB"
---

#  La "dieta del grupo sanguíneo" - ¿realidad o ficción?

![La "dieta del grupo sanguíneo" - ¿realidad o ficción?](https://ivu.org/images/legacy/history/banners/spanish-trans-tva-blood.png)| **La "dieta del grupo sanguíneo"    - ¿realidad o ficción?**   de **[Toronto Vegetarian Association](http://www.veg.on.ca/)***por Michael Klaper, M.D.*  La teoría de la "dieta del grupo sanguíneo" ha conseguido una amplia atención pública desde la publicación de Eat Right For Your Type ("ERFYT", Come Según tu Grupo) de Peter J. D'Adamo, N.D. La premisa básica del libro es que el grupo O es el dominante, tipo cazador, geneticamente inclinado a comer carne, mientras que los del grupo A son vegetarianos dóciles, y los del grupo B son omnívoros consumidores de lácteos. Sin embargo, esta teoría y el libro que la promueve, presenta muchos problemas científicos y nutricionales que han despertado el interés de numerosos científicos y profesionales de la salud.  Por ejemplo, el autor D'Adamo afirma que, "...ciertas judías y legumbres, especialmente lentejas y frijoles, contienen lectinas que se depositan en los tejidos musculares, haciéndolos más alcalinos y menos cargados para la actividad física". (p.53) Esto constituye una afirmación científica bastante seria, y una idea alarmante si tu sangre es del grupo O. Afirmaciones inquietantes como ésta deberían estar respaldadas por sólidas evidencias científicas - completas con referencias "a pie de página" - que ERFYT repetidamente omite.  Para empezar a convencerme de los efectos adversos de las lectinas, D'Adamo tendría que publicar fotografías, tomadas al microscopio, de fibras musculares tomadas de personas del grupo O, grupo A, grupo B y grupo AB tras haber consumido frijoles y/o lentejas. (La toma de muestras de fibras musculares, tejido adiposo, etc., es una técnica común, fiable y virtualmente indolora, conocida como biopsia con "aguja flaca", y la realizan rutinariamente sobre voluntarios pagados los investigadores en nutrición, fisiología del ejercicio, farmacología, envejecimiento y otras ciencias). Las fotografías de tejidos deberían mostrar claramente los depósitos de lectinas en los músculos de personas del grupo sanguíneo O - y no en las muestras musculares de las personas del grupo A. ERFYT no presenta fotos ni corrobora estudios que apoyen sus especulaciones, lo cual para mí, limita severamente la credibilidad de este libro.  Para mí lo que realmente sitúa la teoría del "grupo sanguíneo" más allá de los límites de la credibilidad es su afirmación de que las proteínas de lectina de algunos alimentos provocan la aglutinación en la sangre en personas de ciertos grupos sanguíneos que no están "genéticamente/evolutivamente adaptados" a comer dichos alimentos. La aglutinación es un fenómeno muy serio, y potencialmente nefasto, en el que los glóbulos rojos del flujo sanguíneo se apelotonan, formando cuajos irreversibles.  ¿Qué hay de malo en tener pequeños cuajos de glóbulos rojos navegando por la corriente sanguínea? Los glóbulos rojos llevan oxígeno a las células de tejidos vitales como el cerebro, el corazón y los riñones. Para cumplir esta misión, los glóbulos rojos deber fluir a través de capilares tan estrechos que deben alinearse en una única fila. Si los glóbulos están aglutinándose por las lectinas o cualquier otra cosa, los cuajos de glóbulos rojos obstruirán los capilares y bloquearán el flujo sanguíneo. Así, la corriente sanguínea se verá impedida de repartir su carga vital de oxígeno a los tejidos alimentados por aquellos capilares. Las células privadas de oxígeno resultan dañadas, y finalmente mueren. Puesto que mucha gente no conoce su grupo sanguíneo, es razonable suponer que muchos de nosotros regularmente consumimos "alimentos erróneos" para nuestro grupo sanguíneo (p.ej., trigo para el grupo O, carne para el grupo A, etc.). Así pues, según la teoría de D'Adamo, todo el mundo experimenta repetidas descargas de glóbulos aglutinados en su flujo sanguíneo, día tras día, mes tras mes, año tras año. Si las fibras capilares de tu corazón, pulmones, riñones, cerebro, ojos y otros órganos esenciales están sujetos a repetidos aluviones de glóbulos rojos aglutinados, empezarán finalmente a obstruirse, resultando en daños en los tejidos. El cerebro, el corazón, los pulmones, los riñones y las suprarenales pronto estarían irreparablemente dañados, lo cual podría resultar fatal para millones de personas.  Los patólogos y otros científicos médicos estarían muy familiarizados con un síndrome de fallo orgánico debido a micro-infartos (muerte celular) inducidos por lectinas. La existencia y complejidades de una enfermedad tan extendida serían tan bien conocidas como lo es la aterosclerosis. Sin embargo, no conozco ninguna descripción en la literatura patológica y ningún patólogo que yo sepa ha mencionado jamás esto como causa de enfermedad alguna en los humanos.  Cuando leo una afirmación generalizada, como "los individuos del grupo O no toleran en absoluto los productos de trigo integral" (p.63), debo preguntarme qué quiere decir con 'en absoluto'. ¿Es que los del grupo O comen una galleta integral y caen al suelo apretándose el abdomen y vomitando? O incluso peor, ¿sufren daños cerebrales inmediatos debido a la obstrucción de las células sanguíneas? ¿Cuánto trigo pueden comer los del grupo O antes de que su sangre se obstruya? ¿Un bollo de hamburguesa? ¿Un tallarín?  No niego que mucha gente experimenta problemas cuando comen trigo. Sin embargo, opino que suceden por tener una verdadera alergia al trigo, intolerancia al gluten, u otro mecanismo verificable. Como D'Adamo, admito que el trigo puede ser un alimento problemático para personas con colitis, y a menudo recomiendo eliminarlo de la dieta. Las lectinas puede que jueguen un papel en el proceso inflamatorio en algunas personas. Sin embargo, para convencerme de que el grupo sanguíneo es el factor clave determinante en el enlace dieta-colitis, ERFYT tendría que presentar evidencias sólidas de que la disfunción del colon inducida por el trigo es una condición peculiar (o significativamente más común) en personas del grupo O. Sin embargo, el texto de ERFYT está extrañamente desprovisto de citas científicas, y en consecuencia, no encuentro prueba convincente de la conexión lectina-colitis en este libro.  Una afirmación que me crea gran preocupación en cuanto a la seguridad de los consejos dietéticos de ERFYT aparece en la página 37. A pesar del extendido conocimiento de que muchos no caucásicos no toleran los productos lácteos, el libro recomienda que "los de grupo B descendientes de asiáticos puede que necesiten incorporarlos (productos lácteos) más lentamente en sus dietas mientras ajustan sus sistemas a ellos". Me temo que las consecuencias de esto para muchos lectores con deficiencia en lactasa serán severos ataques de calambres abdominales, diarreas, y posiblemente condiciones más serias, como la colitis.  Otra afirmación problemática de ERFYT es, "Esta condición, llamada hipotiroidismo, sucede debido a que los del grupo O tienden a no producir suficiente yodo" (p.53). La realidad es que el cuerpo no "produce" el yodo, sino que lo obtenemos ingiriendo alimentos que lo contienen. Preocupar a decenas de millones de lectores del grupo O de que "puede que no estén produciendo suficiente yodo" (lo cual nadie hace) y de que por tanto corren riesgo de hipotiroidismo, es infundado e innecesariamente preocupante. (Se debería animar a la gente a comer suficientes alimentos con contenido en yodo, especialmente si son vegetarianos o veganos).  Todos tenemos necesidades nutricionales diferentes, y personas distintas están adaptadas a distintos tipos y cantidades de comida. Sin embargo, no creo que estas diferencias estén significativamente determinadas por el grupo sanguíneo. Ciertamente no he encontrado ninguna investigación o evidencia científica en ERFYT que me demuestre lo contrario. Mis sugerencias (admito que simplificadas excesivamente) para una nutrición óptima son: poner atención a lo que tu cuerpo te dice, y enfocar tu dieta sobre alimentos frescos e integrales - cultivados tan biológicamente como sea posible, y servidos con grandes raciones de amor y risas.  *Michael Klaper, M.D. es el productor del video ‘Diet for all Reasons’ (Dieta para todas las Razones), y el libro ‘Vegan Nutrition: Pure & Simple’ (Nutrición Vegana: Pura y Sencilla), ambos disponibles en TVA para venta o préstamo.*  | \|  \| \|---\|---\|  A note on this archive. The history section of this website is drawn from a body of legacy content originally compiled by John Davis, former manager of the International Vegetarian Union. It represents his curation of historical material, and in places includes passages written by him directly.  Over the years, the IVU website has migrated between several different hosting servers. In the course of these migrations, a number of PDF files were unfortunately lost, and **some links to PDF documents may no longer function**. Where this is the case, we have chosen to leave the original link text in place, as it may itself carry information of historical value.  - Hits: 1061    ###  1957 World Vegetarian Congress   - [1957 World Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-1957-congress-wvc57-index.html) - [1957 World Vegetarian Congress: Souvenir Book](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-1957-congress-wvc57-souvenir-index.html)      - [History of IVU](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu.html)      ###  Vegetarian Congresses: Main Archive   - [Illustrated History of IVU Congresses: 1908-2008](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-2008-ivuhistory-index.html) - [1847 England Physiological and Vegetarian Conference](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-1847-index.html) - [1850 American Vegetarian Convention](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-1850-index.html) - [1890 International Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-1890-index.html) - [1893 International Vegetarian Congress](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-1893-index.html) - 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[Indian Vegetarian Societies](https://ivu.org/hv-societies-ivu-swasia-india-history.html) - [IVU Fellows: Historical Directory](https://ivu.org/hv-societies-ivu-members-council-fellows.html)      ###  Vegetarian History: Timelines and Eras   - [Vegetarian History Timeline](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-timeline-index.html) - [Ancient Vegetarian History Timeline](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-timeline-ancient.html) - [Vegetarian History Timeline: 1400-1800](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-timeline-pre-1800.html) - [Vegetarian History Timeline: 1800-1888](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-timeline-19a.html) - [International Vegetarianism: 1889-1907](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-timeline-1900.html) - [IVU and Vegetarianism: Early 20th Century](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-timeline-1908.html) - [Vegetarianism in Ancient Greece and Rome](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-greece-rome-index.html) - [Ancient India and Eastern Vegetarian Traditions](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-east-index.html) - [Asia and Pacific Vegetarian History up to 1900](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-east-index2.html) - [Europe: Middle Ages to the 17th Century](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-renaissance-index.html) - [European Vegetarian History: 18th Century](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-renaissance-europe18.html) - [Food in England Since 1066](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-renaissance-food-england.html) - [England: Early 19th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-england19a-index.html) - [Europe: Late 19th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-europe19b-index.html) - [Europe: Early 20th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-europe20a-index.html) - [Europe: Late 20th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-europe20b-index.html) - [North America: 18th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/hv-timelines-eras-history-northam18-index.html) - [USA: 19th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-usa19-index.html) - [North America: Early 20th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-northam20a-index.html) - [North America: Late 20th-Century Vegetarianism](https://ivu.org/history-of-ivu/hv-general-history-northam20b-index.html)      ###  2008 Dresden Congress Archive   - [2008 World Vegetarian Congress: Dresden](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2008-congress-2008-index.html) - [2008 Dresden Congress: Lecture Texts](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2008-congress-2008-texts-index.html) - [Illustrated History of IVU Congresses: 1908-2008](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-main-congress-2008-ivuhistory-index.html) - [2008 Dresden Congress: Historical Materials](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2008-congress-2008-index-old.html)      ###  2006 Goa Congress Archive   - [2006 World Vegetarian Congress: Goa](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2006-congress-2006-index.html) - [2006 Goa Congress: Lecture Texts](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2006-congress-2006-texts-index.html) - [2006 Goa Congress: Photo Gallery](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2006-congress-2006-jdphotos-index.html)      ###  2004 Brazil Congress Archive   - [2004 World Vegetarian Congress: Florianopolis](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2004-congress-2004-index.html) - [2004 Brazil Congress: Speakers and Food Demonstrators](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2004-congress-2004-speakers-index.html) - [2004 Brazil Congress: Lectures](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2004-congress-2004-lectures-index.html) - [2004 Brazil Congress: Reports and Comments](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2004-congress-2004-reports-index.html) - [2004 Brazil Congress: Cruelty-Free Fashion Gallery](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2004-congress-2004-photos-fashion-index.html) - [2004 Congress: Rio Grande do Sul Tour Gallery](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2004-congress-2004-photos-postcong1-index.html) - [2004 Brazil Congress: Historical Materials](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2004-congress-2004-index-old.html)      ###  Vegan Recipes   - [![Bananas Ghana](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/bananas-ghana-1777938426_8a88fa00a03e49232a958eb06bfabccc.jpg "Bananas Ghana")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/bananas-ghana.html "Bananas Ghana")           ####  [Bananas Ghana](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/bananas-ghana.html "Bananas Ghana")            [Desserts](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/deserts.html) [Ghana](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/ghana.html) [African](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/african.html) - [![Bean and Vegetable Chili](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/f8cba3af-5ccd-4fd4-b332-1b3c2b862a49_c108000c9c278c58fd10367f640cf204.png "Bean and Vegetable Chili")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/bean-and-vegetable-chili.html "Bean and Vegetable Chili")           ####  [Bean and Vegetable Chili](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/bean-and-vegetable-chili.html "Bean and Vegetable Chili")            [Mexico](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/mexico-2.html) [Main course](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/main-course-for-lunch-and-dinner.html) - [![Serundeng Seasoned Vegan Satay](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/satay_with_king_oyster_mushroom_08344459693b2625afd237fffffc5f32.jpg "Serundeng Seasoned Vegan Satay")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/satay-with-king-oyster-mushroom.html "Serundeng Seasoned Vegan Satay")           ####  [Serundeng Seasoned Vegan Satay](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/item/satay-with-king-oyster-mushroom.html "Serundeng Seasoned Vegan Satay")            [Indonesia](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/indonesia.html) [Main course](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/front-page/category/main-course-for-lunch-and-dinner.html)       ###  VFA Blog   - [![The Ultimate Guide to the Science and Culinary Magic of Nutritional Yeast, Marmite, and Vegemite](https://ivu.org/media/zoo/images/nutritional_yeast_5511cf79dd291bdb390a2926a01c7b3b.png "The Ultimate Guide to the Science and Culinary Magic of Nutritional Yeast, Marmite, and Vegemite")](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/blog-front-page/item/the-ultimate-guide-to-the-science-and-culinary-magic-of-nutritional-yeast-marmite-and-vegemite.html "The Ultimate Guide to the Science and Culinary Magic of Nutritional Yeast, Marmite, and Vegemite")           ####  [The Ultimate Guide to the Science and Culinary Magic of Nutritional Yeast, Marmite, and Vegemite](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/blog-front-page/item/the-ultimate-guide-to-the-science-and-culinary-magic-of-nutritional-yeast-marmite-and-vegemite.html "The Ultimate Guide to the Science and Culinary Magic of Nutritional Yeast, Marmite, and Vegemite")                - [Read more](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/blog-front-page/item/the-ultimate-guide-to-the-science-and-culinary-magic-of-nutritional-yeast-marmite-and-vegemite.html)       ###  Science   - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/207-rapid-global-phaseout-of-animal-agriculture-has-the-potential-to-stabilize-greenhouse-gas-levels-for-30-years.html)     [ Rapid global phaseout of animal agriculture has the potential to stabilize greenhouse gas levels for 30 years](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/207-rapid-global-phaseout-of-animal-agriculture-has-the-potential-to-stabilize-greenhouse-gas-levels-for-30-years.html) Popular - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/206-animal-agriculture-and-climate-change-a-qualitative-holistic-note.html)     [ Animal Agriculture and Climate change a Qualitative holistic note](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/206-animal-agriculture-and-climate-change-a-qualitative-holistic-note.html) Popular - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/202-environmental-impact-of-two-plant-based-isocaloric-and-isoproteic-diets-the-vegan-diet-vs-the-mediterranean-diet.html)     [ Environmental Impact of Two Plant Based Isocaloric and Isoproteic Diets The Vegan Diet vs the Mediterranean Diet](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/science/202-environmental-impact-of-two-plant-based-isocaloric-and-isoproteic-diets-the-vegan-diet-vs-the-mediterranean-diet.html) Popular            ###  History     [ ![Taiwan's climate legislation embraces plant based eating](https://ivu.org/joomlatools-files/docman-images/generated/0f49c89d1e7298bb9930789c8ed59d48.jpg)    Taiwan's climate legislation embraces plant based eating                ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/history/vegan-nutrition-history/283-taiwans-climate-legislation-embraces-plant-based-eating.html "Taiwan's climate legislation embraces plant based eating")       [ ![Chinese Dietary Guidelines 2022   Guideline 4 Eat fish poultry eggs, and lean meat in moderation](https://ivu.org/joomlatools-files/docman-images/generated/6a9aeddfc689c1d0e3b9ccc3ab651bc5.jpg)    Chinese Dietary Guidelines 2022 Guideline 4 Eat fish poultry eggs, and lean meat in moderation                ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/history/vegan-nutrition-history/282-chinese-dietary-guidelines-2022-guideline-4-eat-fish-poultry-eggs-and-lean-meat-in-moderation.html "Chinese Dietary Guidelines 2022   Guideline 4 Eat fish poultry eggs, and lean meat in moderation")       [ ![Reply to Proposal No 4748 (Agriculture and Water Conservancy Category No  297) of the Third Session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People´s Political Consultative Conference](https://ivu.org/joomlatools-files/docman-images/generated/e3796ae838835da0b6f6ea37bcf8bcb7.jpg)    Reply to Proposal No 4748 (Agriculture and Water Conservancy Category No 297) of the Third Session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People´s Political Consultative Conference                ](https://ivu.org/international-vegetarian-union/resources/history/vegan-nutrition-history/281-reply-to-proposal-no-4748-agriculture-and-water-conservancy-category-no-297-of-the-third-session-of-the-13th-national-committee-of-the-chinese-peoples-political-consultative-conference.html "Reply to Proposal No 4748 (Agriculture and Water Conservancy Category No  297) of the Third Session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People´s Political Consultative Conference")                              ###  2002 Edinburgh Congress Archive   - [2002 World Vegetarian Congress: Edinburgh](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2002-congress-2002-index.html) - [2002 Edinburgh Congress: Programme](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2002-congress-2002-program-index.html) - [2002 Edinburgh Congress: Talks and Recipes](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2002-congress-2002-texts-index.html) - [2002 Edinburgh Congress: Photo Gallery](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2002-congress-2002-photos-index.html) - [2002 Edinburgh Congress: Jeff's Journal](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2002-congress-2002-journal-index.html) - [2002 Congress: Edinburgh and Scotland Travel Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-congress-2002-congress-2002-scotland-index.html)      - <a href="">Archives by Language </a>     - [Chinese People Archive: Traditional Chinese (Big5)](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-chinese-people-index-big5.html)     - [Chinese Writers Archive: Traditional Chinese (Big5)](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-chinese-people-writers-index-big5.html)     - [Chinese People Archive: Simplified Chinese (GB)](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-chinese-people-index-gb.html)     - [Chinese Writers Archive: Simplified Chinese (GB)](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-chinese-people-writers-index-gb.html)     - [French Famous Vegetarians Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-french-people-index.html)     - [French IVU Magazine Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-french-news-magazine.html)     - [French 2008 Dresden Congress Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-french-congress-2008-index.html)     - [German IVU Magazine Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-german-news-magazine.html)     - [German 2008 Congress: Historical Materials](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-german-congress-2008-index-old.html)     - [German Illustrated IVU Congress History](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-german-congress-2008-ivuhistory-index.html)     - [German 2008 Dresden Congress Programme](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-german-congress-2008-program.html)     - [Italian Famous Vegetarians Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-italian-people-index.html)     - [Italian IVU Magazine Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-italian-news-magazine.html)     - [Italian 1997 European Congress Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-italian-congress-euro97-index.html)     - [Italian 1999 Thailand Congress Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-italian-congress-thai99-index.html)     - [Italian 2008 Dresden Congress Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-italian-congress-2008-index.html)     - [Portuguese 2008 Dresden Congress Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-portuguese-congress-2008-index.html)     - [Spanish Famous Vegetarians Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-spanish-people-index.html)     - [Spanish 1999 Thailand Congress Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-spanish-congress-thai99-index.html)     - [Spanish 1999 Thailand Congress Programme](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-spanish-congress-thai99-program-program.html)     - [Spanish 2008 Dresden Congress Archive](https://ivu.org/hv-language-archives-group/hv-language-archives-spanish-congress-2008-index.html)        ###  Download the Vegetarian Nutrition Booklet for Kids and Adolescents   - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/117-vegetarian-nutrition-booklet-for-kids-and-adolescents.html)     [ vegetarian-nutrition-booklet-for-kids-and-adolescents](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/117-vegetarian-nutrition-booklet-for-kids-and-adolescents.html) Popular               7676 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/122-booklet-ivu-portugues-web.html)     [ Booklet IVU portugues web](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/122-booklet-ivu-portugues-web.html) Popular               7319 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/123-nutrition-guide-for-students-with-khmer-translation.html)     [ Nutrition Guide for Students (with Khmer Translation)](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/123-nutrition-guide-for-students-with-khmer-translation.html) Popular               6052 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/130-2023-05-03-18-17-13.html)     [ ベジタリアン・ヴィーガン栄養ガイド](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/130-2023-05-03-18-17-13.html) Popular               5524 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/124-vegetarian-nutritie-cartea-pentru-copii-si-adolescenti.html)     [ BROȘURA DE NUTRIȚIE VEGETARIANĂ - Romanian](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/124-vegetarian-nutritie-cartea-pentru-copii-si-adolescenti.html) Popular               5040 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/131-cartel-de-nutricion-vegetariana.html)     [ CARTEL DE NUTRICIÓN VEGETARIANA](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/kids-booklet/131-cartel-de-nutricion-vegetariana.html) Popular               4558 downloads            ###  Nutrition   - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/294-what-are-the-best-sources-of-protein-introducing-the-bpi-score.html)     [ What are the best sources of protein Introducing the BPI Score](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/294-what-are-the-best-sources-of-protein-introducing-the-bpi-score.html) Popular               602 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/250-2024-the-omniveg-study-health-outcomes-of-shifting-from-a-traditional-to-a-vegan-mediterranean-diet-in-healthy-men-a-controlled-crossover-trial.html)     [ 2024 The OMNIVEG STUDY Health outcomes of shifting from a traditional to a vegan Mediterranean diet in healthy men A controlled crossover trial](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/250-2024-the-omniveg-study-health-outcomes-of-shifting-from-a-traditional-to-a-vegan-mediterranean-diet-in-healthy-men-a-controlled-crossover-trial.html) Popular               2781 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/205-plant-based-nutrition-exploring-health-benefits-for-atherosclerosis-chronic-diseases-and-metabolic-syndrome-a-comprehensive-review.html)     [ Plant Based Nutrition Exploring Health Benefits for Atherosclerosis, Chronic Diseases, and Metabolic Syndrome—A Comprehensive Review](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/205-plant-based-nutrition-exploring-health-benefits-for-atherosclerosis-chronic-diseases-and-metabolic-syndrome-a-comprehensive-review.html) Popular               3832 downloads - [ pdf ](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/204-2024-plant-and-animal-fat-intake-and-overall-and-cardiovascular-disease-mortality-main-folder-all-cause-mortality.html)     [ 2024 Plant and Animal Fat Intake and Overall and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Main Folder All Cause Mortality](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutrition-articles/health-nutrition/204-2024-plant-and-animal-fat-intake-and-overall-and-cardiovascular-disease-mortality-main-folder-all-cause-mortality.html) Popular               4051 downloads                                ![](https://ivu.org/media/yootheme/cache/02/adult-guide-029d8cad.png)### The International Vegetarian Union’s Vegan Nutrition Guide for Adults  In 2 versions:  - [For healthcare professionals](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutritional-guide/the-international-vegetarian-union-s-vegan-nutrition-guide-for-adults-healthcare-professionals.html) - [General Public Edition](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutritional-guide/guide-for-non-healthcare-professionals.html)    [Get it now](https://ivu.org/nutrition/nutritional-guide.html)         ![](https://ivu.org/images/banners/booklet2.jpg)### Vegetarian Nutrition Booklet A Dietary Approach to Vegetarianism for Kids and Adolescents  The intention of this booklet is present to kids and adolescents a healthy vegan diet    [Read more](https://ivu.org/nutrition/vegetarian-nutrition-book-for-kids-and-adolescents.html)                 Vegan Nutrition            ![](https://ivu.org/media/yootheme/cache/a6/logo_IVU_01_SLOGAN-a678b962.png)               ### Presidents, Chair and Council  - [IVU President and Chair of the International Council](https://ivu.org/ivu-chair.html) - [IVU Honorary President](https://ivu.org/ivu-honorary-president.html) - [International Council](https://ivu.org/international-council.html)       ### Departments  - [Fund-raising](https://ivu.org/fund-raising.html) - [Global Health](https://ivu.org/global-health-department.html) - [Medicine and Nutrition](https://ivu.org/nutrition/medicine-and-nutrition.html) - [Policy Initiatives](https://ivu.org/policies-initiatives.html)     - [Articles](https://ivu.org/policies-initiatives/policies-iniciatives-articles.html)       ### Regions  - [Europe](https://ivu.org/europe-union.html) - [Latin America](https://ivu.org/latin-america.html) - [North America](https://ivu.org/north-america.html) - [Africa](https://ivu.org/africa-continent.html) - [Asia-Pacific](https://ivu.org/asia-pacific-region.html) - [Asia-South & India](https://ivu.org/asia-south-west.html) - [Asia-West & Middle East](https://ivu.org/asia-west-middle-east.html) - [Contacts](https://ivu.org/contact-ivu.html)       ### Blogs  - [Cynthia Schuck](https://ivu.org/cynthia-schuck.html) - [John Davis](https://ivu.org/john-davis.html) - [Marly Winckler](https://ivu.org/marly-winckler.html) - [Vegan Food Academy](https://ivu.org/vegan-recipes-around-the-world/vegan-food-academy/blog-front-page.html) - [Login](https://ivu.org/login-2.html)

## Schema

```json
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