Ancient Greece and Rome
A collection of articles.
Note - these are not just lists of 'famous vegetarians' - they are people with a view on the subject, and the articles explain whether they put those veiws into practice.
Note - these are not just lists of 'famous vegetarians' - they are people with a view on the subject, and the articles explain whether they put those veiws into practice.
- Hesiod (c. 8th century BC)
- Orphic Communities (c540 BC - ?)
- Italiano Comuniteagrave orfiche
- Pagan Regeneration: a study of mystery initiations in the Graeco-Roman world (link to Google Books) Harold Rideout Willoughby 1929. p.129: The ascetic prescription included an abstinence from meat...
- Pythagoras (?580-?500 BC) and the Pythagoreans
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- Español - Pitágoras
- Português - Pitágoras
- The life of Pythagoras: with his Symbols and Golden verses (link to Google Books) M.Dacier 1707
- Herodotus (484-425BC)
- Herodotus (link to Google Books) - trans. Rev. William Beloe 1831. P.236: The neck of land which stretches from the country of the Gindanes towards the sea is possessed by the Lotophagi who live entirely upon the fruit of the lotos
- Empedokles (?480-430BC)
- The Fragments of Empedocles (link to Questia.com) trans. W.E. Leonard Ph.D., Chicago, 1908. Part 2 says much about transmigration of souls and the Orphic/Pythagorean traditions.
- Socrates (?470-399 BC)
- Antisthenes (?445-365 BC)
- Plato (?427-?347 BC)
- Plato's Republic (link to archive.org) trans. Lewis Campbell M.A., LL.D., London, 1902. In Books II & III Plato (428-347 BC) develops the dietary ideas of Pythagoras.
- Diogenes (?412-?323 BC)
- Italiano - Diogene
- The Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers (link to Google Books) by Diogenes Laertius (?412-?323 BC), trans. C. D. Yonge B.A., London, 1853. Includes a section on Pythagoras, animals as food etc.
- Aristotle (384-322BC)
- Español - Aristóteles
- Theophrastus (?372-?287BC)
- Epicurus (341-270BC)
- Español - Epicurus
- Cicero (Roman) (106-43 B.C.)
- Ovid (Publius Ovidius Naso) (43 BC - AD 17)
- Español - Ovidio
- Ovid's Metamorphoses (link to archive.org) By Publius Ovidius Naso (43 BC - AD 17). This edition pub. London 1822. Book 15, p.516 is a biography of Pythagoras. p.519: 'He first forbid animal food to be served up at the tables of men'.
- Seneca (c.5 BC - AD 65)
- Seneca's Morals (link to archive.org) - by Lucius Annaeus Seneca (c.5 BC - AD 65) - trans Sir Roger L'Estrange, New York, c.1870. "I gave over eating of flesh", p110
- Plutarch (Greek) (c.AD 46-c.120)
- Plutarch's Morals Vol.5 (link to archive.org) by Plutarch (c.AD 46-c.120) - edited by W. W. Goodwin Ph.D, Harvard, 1878. Includes the essay 'Of Eating Flesh'
- Plotinus (Roman) (?205-?270)
- Italiano - Plotino
- Porphyry (Greek) (233 - 304)
- Select Works of Porphyry: Containing His Four Books On Abstinence from Animal Food; etc. (link to archive.org) - Porphyry (233-304 AD), trans. T. Taylor, London, 1823
- Iamblichus (Greek) (c.250-c.325)
- Emperor Julianus 331-363 A.D.
- The works of the Emperor Julian . . . translated from the Greek (link to archive.org) pub. 1798. p.178: Julian . . . lived on vegetables (several references to his Pythagorean diet.)
- Christian and Western Literature 5th Century to 16th Century
Book review: - Animal Minds and Human Morals: The Origins of the Western Debate by Richard Sorabji (book review) - early Greek/Christian philosophy.
- Were there vegans in the ancient world? - IVU Manager's blog
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